Recovery of Urea from Human Urine Using Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis

Engineering & Materials Science

• Nanofiltration 100%
• Reverse osmosis 82%
• Urea 78%
• Recovery 43%
• Permeation 20%
• Microfiltration 17%
• Phosphorus 14%
• Stabilization 9%
• Membrane fouling 8%
• Air pollution control 8%
• Fouling 6%
• Agriculture 6%
• Nitrogen 5%
• Ions 5%
• Membranes 4%
• Fluxes 4%
• Experiments 4%
• Liquids 3%

Earth & Environmental Sciences

• urine 66%
• reverse osmosis 65%
• urea 65%
• microfiltration 13%
• fouling 11%
• stabilization 9%
• conductivity 9%
• phosphorus 8%
• membrane 7%
• pollution control 5%
• product 5%
• experiment 4%
• atmospheric pollution 4%
• mitigation 4%
• agriculture 4%
• ion 3%
• liquid 3%
• nitrogen 3%
• loss 3%
• chemical 2%
• effect 1%

Chemical Compounds

• Reverse Osmosis 75%
• Urea 50%
• Phosphorus(.) 9%
• Conductivity 7%
• Air Pollution 7%
• pH Value 4%
• Nitrogen 3%
• Liquid 3%
• Purity 2%
• Ion 2%
• Application 1%