TY - JOUR
T1 - FDTD Simulation of Very Large Domains Applied to Radar Propagation Over the Ocean
AU - Dowd, Brandon W.
AU - Diaz, Rodolfo
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received June 5, 2017; revised December 1, 2017; accepted January 9, 2018. Date of publication July 2, 2018; date of current version October 4, 2018. This work was supported by the U. S. Office of Naval Research under Award N00014-15-1-2067. (Corresponding author: Brandon W. Dowd.) The authors are with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5706 USA (e-mail: brandon.dowd@asu.edu; rudydiaz@asu.edu).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 IEEE.
PY - 2018/10
Y1 - 2018/10
N2 - A domain decomposition method for analyzing very large finite-difference time domains, tens of thousands of wavelengths long, is demonstrated by the application to the problem of radar scattering in the maritime environment. Success depends on the elimination of artificial scattering from the "sky" boundary which is ensured by an ultra-high-performance absorbing termination that eliminates this reflection at angles of incidence less than 0.03° off grazing. The results are cross validated against a parabolic equation (PE) method and a surface integral equation method on a 1.7 km sea surface problem, and to a PE method on propagation through an inhomogeneous atmosphere in a 4 km-long space, both at X-band. Further comparisons are made against boundary integral equation and PE methods from the literature in a 3.6 km space containing an inhomogeneous atmosphere above a flat sea at S-band. Details of the method are given for the 2-D problem. Application to 3-D is demonstrated by comparing the 2-D solution with the 3-D solution of a sea corridor 1.3 m wide, 2.25 m tall, by 110 m long.
AB - A domain decomposition method for analyzing very large finite-difference time domains, tens of thousands of wavelengths long, is demonstrated by the application to the problem of radar scattering in the maritime environment. Success depends on the elimination of artificial scattering from the "sky" boundary which is ensured by an ultra-high-performance absorbing termination that eliminates this reflection at angles of incidence less than 0.03° off grazing. The results are cross validated against a parabolic equation (PE) method and a surface integral equation method on a 1.7 km sea surface problem, and to a PE method on propagation through an inhomogeneous atmosphere in a 4 km-long space, both at X-band. Further comparisons are made against boundary integral equation and PE methods from the literature in a 3.6 km space containing an inhomogeneous atmosphere above a flat sea at S-band. Details of the method are given for the 2-D problem. Application to 3-D is demonstrated by comparing the 2-D solution with the 3-D solution of a sea corridor 1.3 m wide, 2.25 m tall, by 110 m long.
KW - Domain decomposition
KW - finite-difference time domain (FDTD)
KW - radar scattering
KW - rough surface scattering
KW - true grazing absorbing boundaries
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U2 - 10.1109/TAP.2018.2852141
DO - 10.1109/TAP.2018.2852141
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85049317903
VL - 66
SP - 5333
EP - 5348
JO - IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation
JF - IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation
SN - 0018-926X
IS - 10
M1 - 8401504
ER -