TY - JOUR
T1 - Electro-assisted Fenton treatment of ammunition wastewater containing nitramine explosives
AU - Anotai, Jin
AU - Tanvanit, Piyawat
AU - Garcia-Segura, Sergi
AU - Lu, Ming Chun
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, for financially supporting this research under Contract No. NSC 96-2628-E-041-001-MY3.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Institution of Chemical Engineers
PY - 2017
Y1 - 2017
N2 - The treatment of an actual wastewater from ammunition manufacturing process containing highly hazardous nitramine explosives has been studied by different water treatment technologies based on Fenton's chemistry. The in-situ production of hydroxyl radical as highly oxidizing agent conducted to the overall degradation of the nitramine explosives contained in the effluent samples. The kinetic abatement of octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) followed the crescent order Fenton = photo-Fenton > electro-assisted Fenton process. The greater performance of the electro-assisted process is justified by the faster regeneration of Fe2+ from the electrochemical reduction and the oxidation contribution of the heterogeneous hydroxyl radical electrogenerated on the dimensional stable anode surface. On the other hand, similar DOC abatements of ca. 60% were attained after 2 h of treatment for all the technologies, being slightly superior for the photo-Fenton process due to the photodecarboxylation of carboxylate–iron complexes. The evaluation of the BOD5 and COD allowed considering the effluent biodegradability enhancement after Fenton's technologies treatment, being feasible their application prior to a biological treatment. From the by-products identification, degradative pathways of the main nitramine pollutants contained in the actual effluent have been proposed.
AB - The treatment of an actual wastewater from ammunition manufacturing process containing highly hazardous nitramine explosives has been studied by different water treatment technologies based on Fenton's chemistry. The in-situ production of hydroxyl radical as highly oxidizing agent conducted to the overall degradation of the nitramine explosives contained in the effluent samples. The kinetic abatement of octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) followed the crescent order Fenton = photo-Fenton > electro-assisted Fenton process. The greater performance of the electro-assisted process is justified by the faster regeneration of Fe2+ from the electrochemical reduction and the oxidation contribution of the heterogeneous hydroxyl radical electrogenerated on the dimensional stable anode surface. On the other hand, similar DOC abatements of ca. 60% were attained after 2 h of treatment for all the technologies, being slightly superior for the photo-Fenton process due to the photodecarboxylation of carboxylate–iron complexes. The evaluation of the BOD5 and COD allowed considering the effluent biodegradability enhancement after Fenton's technologies treatment, being feasible their application prior to a biological treatment. From the by-products identification, degradative pathways of the main nitramine pollutants contained in the actual effluent have been proposed.
KW - Actual effluent
KW - Anodic oxidation
KW - Photo-Fenton
KW - RuO/IrO dimensional stable anodes (DSA)
KW - Water treatment technologies
KW - electro-Fenton
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U2 - 10.1016/j.psep.2017.04.018
DO - 10.1016/j.psep.2017.04.018
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85019172222
SN - 0957-5820
VL - 109
SP - 429
EP - 436
JO - Process Safety and Environmental Protection
JF - Process Safety and Environmental Protection
ER -