@article{5958d173713e4e5e9d71af3fa2d01aee,
title = "Control of Functional Neuromuscular Stimulation Systems for Standing and Locomotion in Paraplegics",
author = "Chizeck, {Howard Jay} and Rudi Kobetic and Marsolais, {E. B.} and Abbas, {James J.} and Donner, {Irah H.} and Ely Simon",
note = "Funding Information: Voluntary human motion is obtained through the coordinated action of muscles. Large numbers of electrical sig-nalsaretransmitted bythe nervous system to musclefibers, which are activated to produce forces. When there are upper motoneuron lesions (as in spinal cord or head injuries) or damage to the motor cortex of the brain (as in stroke), Manuscript received November 6,1987; revised April 7,1988. This work was supported by the Rehabilitation Research and Development Service of the Veterans Administration and by the Spinal Cord Society. H. I. Chizeck is with the Departments of Systems Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University and the Motion Study Laboratory, Cleveland Veterans Administration Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. R. Kobetic is with the Motion Study Laboratory, Cleveland Veterans Admistration Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. E. B. Marsolais is with the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, and the Motion Study Laboratory, Cleveland Veterans Administration Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. 1. I.A bbas is with the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University and the Motion Study Laboratory, Cleveland Veterans Administration Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. I. H. Donner is with Bell Communications Research, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA. E. Simon is an M.D. candidate at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. IEEE Log Number 8823238.",
year = "1988",
month = sep,
doi = "10.1109/5.9661",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "76",
pages = "1155--1165",
journal = "Proceedings of the IEEE",
issn = "0018-9219",
publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",
number = "9",
}