TY - JOUR
T1 - Children’s sleep, impulsivity, and anger
T2 - shared genetic etiology and implications for developmental psychopathology
AU - Miadich, Samantha A.
AU - Shrewsbury, Amanda M.
AU - Doane, Leah D.
AU - Davis, Mary C.
AU - Clifford, Sierra
AU - Lemery-Chalfant, Kathryn
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by two grants from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD R01HD079520; PIs K.L-C. & L.D.D. and NICHD R01HD086085; PIs M.C.D. & K.L-C.). The authors have declared that they have no competing or potential conflicts of interest.Key points Many children get inadequate sleep, and sleep deficiencies and problems are associated with psychopathology. Impulsivity and anger/frustration are core features of the development of psychopathology. Sleep duration and efficiency were negatively associated with impulsivity and anger/frustration. Associations between the sleep parameters and impulsivity and anger/frustration were driven by shared genetic influences. Findings suggest a genetic commonality and the need to focus on shared and unique risk factors when understanding etiology. Many children get inadequate sleep, and sleep deficiencies and problems are associated with psychopathology. Impulsivity and anger/frustration are core features of the development of psychopathology. Sleep duration and efficiency were negatively associated with impulsivity and anger/frustration. Associations between the sleep parameters and impulsivity and anger/frustration were driven by shared genetic influences. Findings suggest a genetic commonality and the need to focus on shared and unique risk factors when understanding etiology.
PY - 2020/10/1
Y1 - 2020/10/1
N2 - Background: Prior research has established links between poor sleep and problems in emotion regulation. Impulsivity and anger/frustration are core features of child psychopathology. Further, sleep problems are commonly associated with psychopathology. This study examined shared and unique genetic and environmental influences on sleep, impulsivity, and anger/frustration in the middle childhood period with potential ramifications for psychopathology. Methods: Families (29.9% monozygotic, 38.6% same-sex dizygotic, 31.5% opposite-sex dizygotic) from a longitudinal twin study participated (N = 613 twins). Twins (Mage = 8.37, SD = 0.66; 49% female; 58% non-Latinx European American, 30% Latinx) wore actigraph watches for seven days to assess sleep. Primary caregivers (95.3% mothers) completed standardized questionnaires to assess twins’ temperament (impulsivity, anger/frustration). Results: Univariate ACE twin structural equation models indicated strong genetic influences (76%) on impulsivity, whereas the largest proportion of variance in anger/frustration was attributed to the shared environment (56%). Bivariate model fitting indicated that sleep—impulsivity and sleep—anger/frustration associations in children are genetic; thus, a mutual underlying genetic factor likely contributes to the commonality in these associations. Conclusions: Given evidence that sleep problems, impulsivity, and anger/frustration are mechanisms associated with psychopathology, our findings suggest a genetic commonality and the need to focus on shared and unique risk factors when understanding etiology. Early intervention and prevention efforts should target both sleep problems and high levels of impulsivity and anger/frustration in children, which may have implications for later psychopathology.
AB - Background: Prior research has established links between poor sleep and problems in emotion regulation. Impulsivity and anger/frustration are core features of child psychopathology. Further, sleep problems are commonly associated with psychopathology. This study examined shared and unique genetic and environmental influences on sleep, impulsivity, and anger/frustration in the middle childhood period with potential ramifications for psychopathology. Methods: Families (29.9% monozygotic, 38.6% same-sex dizygotic, 31.5% opposite-sex dizygotic) from a longitudinal twin study participated (N = 613 twins). Twins (Mage = 8.37, SD = 0.66; 49% female; 58% non-Latinx European American, 30% Latinx) wore actigraph watches for seven days to assess sleep. Primary caregivers (95.3% mothers) completed standardized questionnaires to assess twins’ temperament (impulsivity, anger/frustration). Results: Univariate ACE twin structural equation models indicated strong genetic influences (76%) on impulsivity, whereas the largest proportion of variance in anger/frustration was attributed to the shared environment (56%). Bivariate model fitting indicated that sleep—impulsivity and sleep—anger/frustration associations in children are genetic; thus, a mutual underlying genetic factor likely contributes to the commonality in these associations. Conclusions: Given evidence that sleep problems, impulsivity, and anger/frustration are mechanisms associated with psychopathology, our findings suggest a genetic commonality and the need to focus on shared and unique risk factors when understanding etiology. Early intervention and prevention efforts should target both sleep problems and high levels of impulsivity and anger/frustration in children, which may have implications for later psychopathology.
KW - Sleep
KW - anger
KW - impulsivity
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U2 - 10.1111/jcpp.13328
DO - 10.1111/jcpp.13328
M3 - Article
C2 - 32926441
AN - SCOPUS:85090938701
VL - 61
SP - 1070
EP - 1079
JO - Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines
JF - Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines
SN - 0021-9630
IS - 10
ER -