Carotenoid-based plumage pigmentation and concentration as a function of sex and habitat type in the Yellow-breasted Boubou Laniarius atroflavus

Agriculture & Biology

• plumage 72%
• feathers 66%
• pigmentation 64%
• carotenoids 54%
• gender 39%
• habitats 37%
• pigments 24%
• color 23%
• reflectance 16%
• breasts 14%
• birds 14%
• xanthophylls 10%
• canaries 10%
• cis-trans isomers 10%
• Neotropics 9%
• edge effects 9%
• lutein 8%
• highlands 7%
• biochemical pathways 6%
• uptake mechanisms 5%

Earth & Environmental Sciences

• plumage 100%
• carotenoid 80%
• feather 79%
• habitat type 72%
• pigment 31%
• bird 20%
• habitat 15%
• reflectance 14%
• isomer 8%
• fitness 8%
• North America 6%
• Europe 5%