TY - JOUR
T1 - Y-chromosome evidence for differing ancient demographic histories in the Americas
AU - Bortolini, Maria Catira
AU - Salzano, Francisco M.
AU - Thomas, Mark G.
AU - Stuart, Steven
AU - Nasanen, Selja P.K.
AU - Bau, Claiton H.D.
AU - Hutz, Mara H.
AU - Layrisse, Zulay
AU - Petzl-Erler, Maria L.
AU - Tsuneto, Luiza T.
AU - Hill, Kim
AU - Hurtado, Ana M.
AU - Castro-De-Guerra, Dinorah
AU - Tortes, Maria M.
AU - Groot, Helena
AU - Michalski, Roman
AU - Nymadawa, Pagbajabyn
AU - Bedoya, Gabriel
AU - Bradman, Neil
AU - Labuda, Damian
AU - Ruiz-Linares, Andres
N1 - Funding Information:
We are very grateful to the individuals who donated the samples analyzed here. Some of these samples were collected in collaboration with Professors F. M. Salzano, Francis L. Black, and the late James V. Neel. Thanks are due to the Brazilian Fundação Nacional do Índio for logistic support. This investigation was approved by the Brazilian National Ethics Commission, the Canadian Institutional Review Boards of the Sainte-Justine (Montreal) and Victoria (Prince Albert) Hospitals, The Prince Albert Grand Council, and the Bioethics Committee of Universidad de Antioquia (Colombia). Financial support in Brazil was provided by PRONEX, CNPq, and the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Laboratory work in the United Kingdom was funded by a Wellcome Trust Travelling Research Fellowship (grant 059763 to M.-C.B. and A.R.-L.). D.L. is supported by Canadian Institutes of Health Research grant MOP-12782. We are grateful to Mark Seielstad and Peter Underhill, for information on the M242 polymorphism; to T. A. Weimer, for encouragement; and to two anonymous reviewers, for their insightful comments on this work. We also thank Oliver Burbage-Hall, Zara Qadir, and Ratna Kundi, for technical assistance, and Alisa Izraeljan, for help in the preparation of the manuscript.
PY - 2003/9/1
Y1 - 2003/9/1
N2 - To scrutinize the male ancestry of extant Native American populations, we examined eight biallelic and six microsatellite polymorphisms from the nonrecombining portion of the Y chromosome, in 438 individuals from 24 Native American populations (1 Na Dené and 23 South Amerinds) and in 404 Mongolians. One of the biallelic markers typed is a recently identified mutation (M242) characterizing a novel founder Native American haplogroup. The distribution, relatedness, and diversity of Y lineages in Native Americans indicate a differentiated male ancestry for populations from North and South America, strongly supporting a diverse demographic history for populations from these areas. These data are consistent with the occurrence of two major male migrations from southern/central Siberia to the Americas (with the second migration being restricted to North America) and a shared ancestry in central Asia for some of the initial migrants to Europe and the Americas. The microsatellite diversity and distribution of a Y lineage specific to South America (Q-M19) indicates that certain Amerind populations have been isolated since the initial colonization of the region, suggesting an early onset for tribalization of Native Americans. Age estimates based on Y-chromosome microsatellite diversity place the initial settlement of the American continent at ∼14,000 years ago, in relative agreement with the age of well-established archaeological evidence.
AB - To scrutinize the male ancestry of extant Native American populations, we examined eight biallelic and six microsatellite polymorphisms from the nonrecombining portion of the Y chromosome, in 438 individuals from 24 Native American populations (1 Na Dené and 23 South Amerinds) and in 404 Mongolians. One of the biallelic markers typed is a recently identified mutation (M242) characterizing a novel founder Native American haplogroup. The distribution, relatedness, and diversity of Y lineages in Native Americans indicate a differentiated male ancestry for populations from North and South America, strongly supporting a diverse demographic history for populations from these areas. These data are consistent with the occurrence of two major male migrations from southern/central Siberia to the Americas (with the second migration being restricted to North America) and a shared ancestry in central Asia for some of the initial migrants to Europe and the Americas. The microsatellite diversity and distribution of a Y lineage specific to South America (Q-M19) indicates that certain Amerind populations have been isolated since the initial colonization of the region, suggesting an early onset for tribalization of Native Americans. Age estimates based on Y-chromosome microsatellite diversity place the initial settlement of the American continent at ∼14,000 years ago, in relative agreement with the age of well-established archaeological evidence.
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U2 - 10.1086/377588
DO - 10.1086/377588
M3 - Article
C2 - 12900798
AN - SCOPUS:0042763545
SN - 0002-9297
VL - 73
SP - 524
EP - 539
JO - American Journal of Human Genetics
JF - American Journal of Human Genetics
IS - 3
ER -