Two-photon lithography of platinum-porphyrin oxygen sensors

A. Cody Young; Joe Dragavon; Tim Strovas; Tim Molter; Lixin Zheng; Lloyd Burgess; Alex K.Y. Jen; Mary E. Lidstrom; Deirdre R. Meldrum

doi:10.1109/JSEN.2007.896537

Two-photon lithography of platinum-porphyrin oxygen sensors

A. Cody Young, Joe Dragavon, Tim Strovas, Tim Molter, Lixin Zheng, Lloyd Burgess, Alex K.Y. Jen, Mary E. Lidstrom, Deirdre R. Meldrum

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

Oxygen sensing structures were generated by two-photon microfabrication. By copolymerizing metalloporphyrins with a two-photon (2P) photo-initiated polymer, oxygen sensors were patterned into complex 3-D shapes. The sensors were generated on the interior walls of small bore capillaries to allow for controlled concentrations of oxygenated water and cell-rich media to be pumped through their local environment. Phosphorescence lifetime of the patterns were acquired at known levels of O₂ as a standard for measuring the respiration rate of a tiny population of bacterial cells. In addition, we report that the inclusion of the Pt-Porphyrin significantly reduces the 2P polymerization threshold. Fabricating near the inferred polymerization threshold, 3-D structures as small as 50 nm were observed in both the Pt-Porphyrin enhanced and the pure photopolymerizable monomers.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	931-936
Number of pages	6
Journal	IEEE Sensors Journal
Volume	7
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2007.896537
State	Published - Jun 2007
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Capillary sensors
Microfabrication
Oxygen detection
Two-photon (2P)

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Instrumentation
Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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10.1109/JSEN.2007.896537

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title = "Two-photon lithography of platinum-porphyrin oxygen sensors",

abstract = "Oxygen sensing structures were generated by two-photon microfabrication. By copolymerizing metalloporphyrins with a two-photon (2P) photo-initiated polymer, oxygen sensors were patterned into complex 3-D shapes. The sensors were generated on the interior walls of small bore capillaries to allow for controlled concentrations of oxygenated water and cell-rich media to be pumped through their local environment. Phosphorescence lifetime of the patterns were acquired at known levels of O2 as a standard for measuring the respiration rate of a tiny population of bacterial cells. In addition, we report that the inclusion of the Pt-Porphyrin significantly reduces the 2P polymerization threshold. Fabricating near the inferred polymerization threshold, 3-D structures as small as 50 nm were observed in both the Pt-Porphyrin enhanced and the pure photopolymerizable monomers.",

keywords = "Capillary sensors, Microfabrication, Oxygen detection, Two-photon (2P)",

author = "Young, {A. Cody} and Joe Dragavon and Tim Strovas and Tim Molter and Lixin Zheng and Lloyd Burgess and Jen, {Alex K.Y.} and Lidstrom, {Mary E.} and Meldrum, {Deirdre R.}",

note = "Funding Information: Manuscript received August 15, 2006; revised October 5, 2006; accepted October 9, 2006. This work was supported in part by the Microscale Life Sciences Center, an NIH Center of Excellence at the University of Washington under Grant 5 P50 HG002360-04. The associate editor coordinating the review of this paper and approving it for publication was Dr. Fethi Bedioui.",

year = "2007",

month = jun,

doi = "10.1109/JSEN.2007.896537",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "7",

pages = "931--936",

journal = "IEEE Sensors Journal",

issn = "1530-437X",

publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Two-photon lithography of platinum-porphyrin oxygen sensors

AU - Young, A. Cody

AU - Dragavon, Joe

AU - Strovas, Tim

AU - Molter, Tim

AU - Zheng, Lixin

AU - Burgess, Lloyd

AU - Jen, Alex K.Y.

AU - Lidstrom, Mary E.

AU - Meldrum, Deirdre R.

N1 - Funding Information: Manuscript received August 15, 2006; revised October 5, 2006; accepted October 9, 2006. This work was supported in part by the Microscale Life Sciences Center, an NIH Center of Excellence at the University of Washington under Grant 5 P50 HG002360-04. The associate editor coordinating the review of this paper and approving it for publication was Dr. Fethi Bedioui.

PY - 2007/6

Y1 - 2007/6

N2 - Oxygen sensing structures were generated by two-photon microfabrication. By copolymerizing metalloporphyrins with a two-photon (2P) photo-initiated polymer, oxygen sensors were patterned into complex 3-D shapes. The sensors were generated on the interior walls of small bore capillaries to allow for controlled concentrations of oxygenated water and cell-rich media to be pumped through their local environment. Phosphorescence lifetime of the patterns were acquired at known levels of O2 as a standard for measuring the respiration rate of a tiny population of bacterial cells. In addition, we report that the inclusion of the Pt-Porphyrin significantly reduces the 2P polymerization threshold. Fabricating near the inferred polymerization threshold, 3-D structures as small as 50 nm were observed in both the Pt-Porphyrin enhanced and the pure photopolymerizable monomers.

AB - Oxygen sensing structures were generated by two-photon microfabrication. By copolymerizing metalloporphyrins with a two-photon (2P) photo-initiated polymer, oxygen sensors were patterned into complex 3-D shapes. The sensors were generated on the interior walls of small bore capillaries to allow for controlled concentrations of oxygenated water and cell-rich media to be pumped through their local environment. Phosphorescence lifetime of the patterns were acquired at known levels of O2 as a standard for measuring the respiration rate of a tiny population of bacterial cells. In addition, we report that the inclusion of the Pt-Porphyrin significantly reduces the 2P polymerization threshold. Fabricating near the inferred polymerization threshold, 3-D structures as small as 50 nm were observed in both the Pt-Porphyrin enhanced and the pure photopolymerizable monomers.

KW - Capillary sensors

KW - Microfabrication

KW - Oxygen detection

KW - Two-photon (2P)

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Two-photon lithography of platinum-porphyrin oxygen sensors

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Keywords

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