TY - JOUR
T1 - Toward a Fuller Conception of Machismo
T2 - Development of a Traditional Machismo and Caballerismo Scale
AU - Arciniega, G. Miguel
AU - Anderson, Thomas C.
AU - Tovar-Blank, Zoila G.
AU - Tracey, Terence J.G.
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2008/1
Y1 - 2008/1
N2 - Machismo is an important concept describing men's behavior in Mexican culture, yet it is not well-defined. Most conceptions of machismo focus on a restricted, negative view of hypermasculinity. The authors posit that a fuller conception consists of 2 parts: traditional machismo and caballerismo, which is a focus on emotional connectedness. The authors developed a scale to measure these dimensions and found support for these 2 independent factors in 2 separate studies of Mexican American men. Traditional Machismo was related to aggression and antisocial behavior, greater levels of alexithymia, and more wishful thinking as a coping mechanism. Caballerismo was positively associated with affiliation, ethnic identity, and problem-solving coping. Traditional Machismo was also associated with less education, whereas there were no differences across education level on Caballerismo scores. These results support the more complete, two-dimensional representation of machismo.
AB - Machismo is an important concept describing men's behavior in Mexican culture, yet it is not well-defined. Most conceptions of machismo focus on a restricted, negative view of hypermasculinity. The authors posit that a fuller conception consists of 2 parts: traditional machismo and caballerismo, which is a focus on emotional connectedness. The authors developed a scale to measure these dimensions and found support for these 2 independent factors in 2 separate studies of Mexican American men. Traditional Machismo was related to aggression and antisocial behavior, greater levels of alexithymia, and more wishful thinking as a coping mechanism. Caballerismo was positively associated with affiliation, ethnic identity, and problem-solving coping. Traditional Machismo was also associated with less education, whereas there were no differences across education level on Caballerismo scores. These results support the more complete, two-dimensional representation of machismo.
KW - Mexican American
KW - machismo
KW - male gender roles
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U2 - 10.1037/0022-0167.55.1.19
DO - 10.1037/0022-0167.55.1.19
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:38649099438
SN - 0022-0167
VL - 55
SP - 19
EP - 33
JO - Journal of counseling psychology
JF - Journal of counseling psychology
IS - 1
ER -