Thermochemical structures within a spherical mantle: Superplumes or piles?

Earth & Environmental Sciences

• pile 62%
• mantle 52%
• viscosity 41%
• lower mantle 41%
• material 29%
• geometry 23%
• downwelling 20%
• geochemistry 14%
• convection 13%
• temperature 13%
• Africa 13%
• chemical 8%
• modeling 7%
• effect 4%

Physics & Astronomy

• Earth mantle 84%
• piles 78%
• viscosity 38%
• geochemistry 28%
• seismology 25%
• geometry 20%
• convection 15%
• temperature 10%

Chemical Compounds

• Geochemistry 100%