TY - JOUR
T1 - THEO concept mission
T2 - Testing the Habitability of Enceladus's Ocean
AU - MacKenzie, Shannon M.
AU - Caswell, Tess E.
AU - Phillips-Lander, Charity M.
AU - Stavros, E. Natasha
AU - Hofgartner, Jason D.
AU - Sun, Vivian Z.
AU - Powell, Kathryn E.
AU - Steuer, Casey J.
AU - O'Rourke, Joseph G.
AU - Dhaliwal, Jasmeet K.
AU - Leung, Cecilia W.S.
AU - Petro, Elaine M.
AU - Wynne, J. Judson
AU - Phan, Samson
AU - Crismani, Matteo
AU - Krishnamurthy, Akshata
AU - John, Kristen K.
AU - DeBruin, Kevin
AU - Budney, Charles J.
AU - Mitchell, Karl L.
N1 - Funding Information:
The THEO team would like to thank the Planetary Science Summer School mentoring team and staff whose efforts made the experience possible: Anita M. Sohus, Leslie L. Lowes, Jessica Parker, and Greg Baerg. We also gratefully acknowledge the TeamX members for their patience, expertise, and insight: Pamela Clark, Alfred Nash, Timothy Koch, Matt Bennett, Austin Lee, Roger Klemm, Enrique Baez, Brian Bairstow, Adam Nelessen, Gregory Welz, Melissa Vick, Morgan Henry, Ted Sweetser, Ron Hall, Jarius Hihn, Masashi Mizukami, Bill Smythe, Michael Sekerak, Vaughn Cable, Eric Sunada, Daniel Forgette, Jennifer Miller, Yogi Krikorian, Try Lam, Dhack Muthulingham, and Patrick Ward. As the culminating event of our summer school, the following volunteers served on a review panel: Farah Alibay, Luther Beegle, Richard Bennett, Ramon P. DePaula, Kevin Hand, Keith Grogan, Young Lee, and Rob Sherwood. We thank the panel for their time and constructive critiques that strengthened our “proposal” and thus the results presented in this paper. Thanks also to task managers J. Cutts, M. Viotti, and R. Zimmerman-Brachman. Finally, we express our gratitude to NASA HQ Science Mission Directorate, the NASA Planetary Science Division, and the NASA Radioisotope Power Systems Program for providing continued financial support for JPL’s Planetary Science Summer school.
Funding Information:
SMM acknowledges support from the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program – Grant NNX14AO30H .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 COSPAR
PY - 2016/9/15
Y1 - 2016/9/15
N2 - Saturn's moon Enceladus offers a unique opportunity in the search for life and habitable environments beyond Earth, a key theme of the National Research Council's 2013–2022 Decadal Survey. A plume of water vapor and ice spews from Enceladus's south polar region. Cassini data suggest that this plume, sourced by a liquid reservoir beneath the moon's icy crust, contain organics, salts, and water–rock interaction derivatives. Thus, the ingredients for life as we know it – liquid water, chemistry, and energy sources – are available in Enceladus's subsurface ocean. We have only to sample the plumes to investigate this hidden ocean environment. We present a New Frontiers class, solar-powered Enceladus orbiter that would take advantage of this opportunity, Testing the Habitability of Enceladus's Ocean (THEO). Developed by the 2015 Jet Propulsion Laboratory Planetary Science Summer School student participants under the guidance of TeamX, this mission concept includes remote sensing and in situ analyses with a mass spectrometer, a sub-mm radiometer–spectrometer, a camera, and two magnetometers. These instruments were selected to address four key questions for ascertaining the habitability of Enceladus's ocean within the context of the moon's geological activity: (1) how are the plumes and ocean connected? (2) are the abiotic conditions of the ocean suitable for habitability? (3) how stable is the ocean environment? (4) is there evidence of biological processes? By taking advantage of the opportunity Enceladus's plumes offer, THEO represents a viable, solar-powered option for exploring a potentially habitable ocean world of the outer solar system.
AB - Saturn's moon Enceladus offers a unique opportunity in the search for life and habitable environments beyond Earth, a key theme of the National Research Council's 2013–2022 Decadal Survey. A plume of water vapor and ice spews from Enceladus's south polar region. Cassini data suggest that this plume, sourced by a liquid reservoir beneath the moon's icy crust, contain organics, salts, and water–rock interaction derivatives. Thus, the ingredients for life as we know it – liquid water, chemistry, and energy sources – are available in Enceladus's subsurface ocean. We have only to sample the plumes to investigate this hidden ocean environment. We present a New Frontiers class, solar-powered Enceladus orbiter that would take advantage of this opportunity, Testing the Habitability of Enceladus's Ocean (THEO). Developed by the 2015 Jet Propulsion Laboratory Planetary Science Summer School student participants under the guidance of TeamX, this mission concept includes remote sensing and in situ analyses with a mass spectrometer, a sub-mm radiometer–spectrometer, a camera, and two magnetometers. These instruments were selected to address four key questions for ascertaining the habitability of Enceladus's ocean within the context of the moon's geological activity: (1) how are the plumes and ocean connected? (2) are the abiotic conditions of the ocean suitable for habitability? (3) how stable is the ocean environment? (4) is there evidence of biological processes? By taking advantage of the opportunity Enceladus's plumes offer, THEO represents a viable, solar-powered option for exploring a potentially habitable ocean world of the outer solar system.
KW - Enceladus
KW - Mission concept studies
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84991199664&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84991199664&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.asr.2016.05.037
DO - 10.1016/j.asr.2016.05.037
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84991199664
SN - 0273-1177
VL - 58
SP - 1117
EP - 1137
JO - Advances in Space Research
JF - Advances in Space Research
IS - 6
ER -