@article{816a1c51e82248938375c222c8c108ed,
title = "The potential impact of coinfection on antimicrobial chemotherapy and drug resistance",
abstract = "Across a range of pathogens, resistance to chemotherapy is a growing problem in both public health and animal health. Despite the ubiquity of coinfection, and its potential effects on within-host biology, the role played by coinfecting pathogens on the evolution of resistance and efficacy of antimicrobial chemotherapy is rarely considered. In this review, we provide an overview of the mechanisms of interaction of coinfecting pathogens, ranging from immune modulation and resource modulation, to drug interactions. We discuss their potential implications for the evolution of resistance, providing evidence in the rare cases where it is available. Overall, our review indicates that the impact of coinfection has the potential to be considerable, suggesting that this should be taken into account when designing antimicrobial drug treatments.",
keywords = "Coinfection, Drug resistance, Immune modulation, Parasite interactions, Resource competition",
author = "Birger, {Ruthie B.} and Kouyos, {Roger D.} and Ted Cohen and Griffiths, {Emily C.} and Silvie Huijben and Michael Mina and Victoriya Volkova and Bryan Grenfell and Metcalf, {C. Jessica E.}",
note = "Funding Information: This work emerged from a meeting funded by the RAPIDD program of the Science & Technology Directorate . RAPIDD is administered by the Department of Homeland Security and the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health ; Science and Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security ; contract HSHQDC-12-C-00058 . We would like to thank the other attendees at the meeting not represented in the author list for their valuable contributions to discussions. RBB is supported by the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at Princeton University . RDK is funded by the Swiss National Science foundation (SNSF # PZ00P3_142411 ). TC is supported by NIH U54GM088558 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences ; the content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health. SH was funded by the Society in Science – Branco Weiss Fellowship and Marie Curie IIF Fellowship . VVV is supported through the Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine of Kansas State University . BTG is supported by the RAPIDD program of the Science and Technology Directorate , Department of Homeland Security , the Fogarty International Center , National Institutes of Health . CJEM is funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation . Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2015 Elsevier Ltd.",
year = "2015",
month = sep,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1016/j.tim.2015.05.002",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "23",
pages = "537--544",
journal = "Trends in Microbiology",
issn = "0966-842X",
publisher = "Elsevier Limited",
number = "9",
}