@article{de38454c823d4007ae4d9dc0b1785373,
title = "The new scope of virus taxonomy: partitioning the virosphere into 15 hierarchical ranks",
abstract = "Virus taxonomy emerged as a discipline in the middle of the twentieth century. Traditionally, classification by virus taxonomists has been focussed on the grouping of relatively closely related viruses. However, during the past few years, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) has recognized that the taxonomy it develops can be usefully extended to include the basal evolutionary relationships among distantly related viruses. Consequently, the ICTV has changed its Code to allow a 15-rank classification hierarchy that closely aligns with the Linnaean taxonomic system and may accommodate the entire spectrum of genetic divergence in the virosphere. The current taxonomies of three human pathogens, Ebola virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and herpes simplex virus 1 are used to illustrate the impact of the expanded rank structure. This new rank hierarchy of virus taxonomy will stimulate further research on virus origins and evolution, and vice versa, and could promote crosstalk with the taxonomies of cellular organisms.",
author = "{International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses Executive Committee} and Gorbalenya, {Alexander E.} and Mart Krupovic and Arcady Mushegian and Kropinski, {Andrew M.} and Siddell, {Stuart G.} and Arvind Varsani and Adams, {Michael J.} and Davison, {Andrew J.} and Dutilh, {Bas E.} and Bal{\'a}zs Harrach and Harrison, {Robert L.} and Sandra Junglen and King, {Andrew M.Q.} and Knowles, {Nick J.} and Lefkowitz, {Elliot J.} and Nibert, {Max L.} and Luisa Rubino and Sead Sabanadzovic and H{\'e}l{\`e}ne Sanfa{\c c}on and Peter Simmonds and Walker, {Peter J.} and Zerbini, {F. Murilo} and Kuhn, {Jens H.}",
note = "Funding Information: A.E.G. was a Leiden University Fund (LUF) Professor. His work was supported by the EU Horizon 2020 EVAg 653316 project and the LUMC MoBiLe program. A.R.M. is a Program Director at the US National Science Foundation (NSF). His work on this project was not performed while acting in an official NSF capacity, and the statements and opinions expressed herein do not constitute the endorsement of NSF or the Government of the United States. B.E.D. was supported by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) Vidi (grant no. 864.14.004). A.J.D. is supported by the Medical Research Council (grant no. MC_UU_12014/3). B.H. was supported by National Scientific Research Fund (grant no. NN128309). S.S. is supported by the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES) and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture, Hatch Project 1021494. This work was supported in part through the prime contract of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC, with the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under contract no. HHSN272201800013C and Battelle Memorial Institute{\textquoteright}s former prime contract with NIAID under contract no. HHSN272200700016I. J.H.K. performed this work as a former employee of Battelle Memorial Institute and a current employee of Tunnell Government Services (TGS), a subcontractor of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC, under contract no. HHSN272201800013C. The mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. USDA is an Equal Opportunity Provider and Employer. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the US Department of Health and Human Services or of the institutions and companies affiliated with the authors. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020, The Author(s).",
year = "2020",
month = may,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1038/s41564-020-0709-x",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "5",
pages = "668--674",
journal = "Nature Microbiology",
issn = "2058-5276",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
number = "5",
}