The hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype among women

Michael J. LaMonte; Barbara E. Ainsworth; Katrina D. DuBose; Peter W. Grandjean; Paul G. Davis; Frank G. Yanowitz; J. Larry Durstine

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2003.07.008

The hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype among women

Michael J. LaMonte, Barbara E. Ainsworth, Katrina D. DuBose, Peter W. Grandjean, Paul G. Davis, Frank G. Yanowitz, J. Larry Durstine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

61 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: Elevated plasma triglycerides (TG) and waist girth (hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTGW)) has been associated with elevated insulin, small dense low-density lipoprotein (sLDL) particles, and Apo B in men. The HTGW has not been reported for women and the effect of cardiorespiratory fitness ("fitness") on associations between HTGW and coronary risk factors is unknown. Purpose: To determine the prevalence of HTGW and the influence of fitness on the relationship between HTGW and coronary risk among 137 healthy women (54±9 year; body mass index (BMI)=28±6kg/m ²). Methods: HTGW was defined as waist girth >88cm and TG >150mg/dl. The metabolic triad was defined as insulin >31pmol/l, Apo B >69mg/dl and LDL-C >84mg/dl. Fitness was assessed with a maximal treadmill exercise test. Results: The sample prevalence of HTGW (n=15) was 11% (95% CI=5.7-16.0%). Apo B (P=0.04) and insulin (P=0.0001) increased across quintiles of waist girth, and LDL-C (P=0.004) increased across quintiles of TG. Metabolic triad prevalence was highest (67%, n=10) among HTGW women and lowest (22%, n=26) among non-HTGW women. A trend for higher coronary heart disease CHD risk factors was observed among HTGW compared with non-HTGW women. Among the HTGW group, a trend for lower CHD risk factors was observed among fit (≥6.5METs, n=7) versus unfit women (<6.5METs, n=8). Sample size limitations prohibited meaningful tests of significant differences in CHD risk factors when stratified simultaneously on HTGW and fitness status. Conclusions: HTGW is associated with increased coronary risk factors similarly among women as reported for men. Higher fitness may improve the CHD risk profile among women with HTGW.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	123-130
Number of pages	8
Journal	Atherosclerosis
Volume	171
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2003.07.008
State	Published - Nov 2003
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Cardiovascular disease
Exercise
Lipids
Obesity
Women

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2003.07.008

Cite this

@article{039c80d1c2df4fb786971aae1cf20c57,

title = "The hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype among women",

abstract = "Background: Elevated plasma triglycerides (TG) and waist girth (hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTGW)) has been associated with elevated insulin, small dense low-density lipoprotein (sLDL) particles, and Apo B in men. The HTGW has not been reported for women and the effect of cardiorespiratory fitness ({"}fitness{"}) on associations between HTGW and coronary risk factors is unknown. Purpose: To determine the prevalence of HTGW and the influence of fitness on the relationship between HTGW and coronary risk among 137 healthy women (54±9 year; body mass index (BMI)=28±6kg/m 2). Methods: HTGW was defined as waist girth >88cm and TG >150mg/dl. The metabolic triad was defined as insulin >31pmol/l, Apo B >69mg/dl and LDL-C >84mg/dl. Fitness was assessed with a maximal treadmill exercise test. Results: The sample prevalence of HTGW (n=15) was 11% (95% CI=5.7-16.0%). Apo B (P=0.04) and insulin (P=0.0001) increased across quintiles of waist girth, and LDL-C (P=0.004) increased across quintiles of TG. Metabolic triad prevalence was highest (67%, n=10) among HTGW women and lowest (22%, n=26) among non-HTGW women. A trend for higher coronary heart disease CHD risk factors was observed among HTGW compared with non-HTGW women. Among the HTGW group, a trend for lower CHD risk factors was observed among fit (≥6.5METs, n=7) versus unfit women (<6.5METs, n=8). Sample size limitations prohibited meaningful tests of significant differences in CHD risk factors when stratified simultaneously on HTGW and fitness status. Conclusions: HTGW is associated with increased coronary risk factors similarly among women as reported for men. Higher fitness may improve the CHD risk profile among women with HTGW.",

keywords = "Cardiovascular disease, Exercise, Lipids, Obesity, Women",

author = "LaMonte, {Michael J.} and Ainsworth, {Barbara E.} and DuBose, {Katrina D.} and Grandjean, {Peter W.} and Davis, {Paul G.} and Yanowitz, {Frank G.} and Durstine, {J. Larry}",

note = "Funding Information: The authors express gratitude to Drs. Vivian Heyward, Lisa Stolarczyk, Cheryl Addy, Jennifer Hootman, Melinda Irwin, and Melicia Whitt, and Ms. Angela Morgan, for their work in collecting, compiling, and managing the CAPS data set. This work was supported by NIH WHI-SIP # 22W-U48/CCU409664 awarded to Dr. Ainsworth. Funding Information: This study consisted of 44 African–American (AA), 45 native American (NA), and 46 Caucasian (CA) women enrolled in the Cross-Cultural Activity Participation Study (CAPS). CAPS was a 5-year study funded by the National Institutes of Health and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as part of the Community Trials arm of the Women{\textquoteright}s Health Initiative [14] . The primary objective of CAPS was to develop culturally sensitive physical activity surveys for use in epidemiological studies of health outcomes among diverse populations of women [15] . Blood samples were obtained from study participants so that parameters such as HDL cholesterol or fasting insulin could serve as potential sources of indirect validity of physical activity levels. The CAPS study objectives and design have been described in greater detail elsewhere [15–18] . Briefly, CAPS inclusion criteria were self-reported AA, NA, or CA ethnicity, absence of conditions that would preclude daily physical activities such as walking or house and family care, and the ability to read and write English well enough to complete a physical activity diary. Data collection was standardized according to an operations manual used at clinic sites in Albuquerque, New Mexico and Columbia, South Carolina. The Institutional Review Board at the Universities New Mexico and of South Carolina approved the study and all participants provided written informed consent. The study population is described in Table 1 . ",

year = "2003",

month = nov,

doi = "10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2003.07.008",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "171",

pages = "123--130",

journal = "Atherosclerosis",

issn = "0021-9150",

publisher = "Elsevier Ireland Ltd",

number = "1",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - The hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype among women

AU - LaMonte, Michael J.

AU - Ainsworth, Barbara E.

AU - DuBose, Katrina D.

AU - Grandjean, Peter W.

AU - Davis, Paul G.

AU - Yanowitz, Frank G.

AU - Durstine, J. Larry

N1 - Funding Information: The authors express gratitude to Drs. Vivian Heyward, Lisa Stolarczyk, Cheryl Addy, Jennifer Hootman, Melinda Irwin, and Melicia Whitt, and Ms. Angela Morgan, for their work in collecting, compiling, and managing the CAPS data set. This work was supported by NIH WHI-SIP # 22W-U48/CCU409664 awarded to Dr. Ainsworth. Funding Information: This study consisted of 44 African–American (AA), 45 native American (NA), and 46 Caucasian (CA) women enrolled in the Cross-Cultural Activity Participation Study (CAPS). CAPS was a 5-year study funded by the National Institutes of Health and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as part of the Community Trials arm of the Women’s Health Initiative [14] . The primary objective of CAPS was to develop culturally sensitive physical activity surveys for use in epidemiological studies of health outcomes among diverse populations of women [15] . Blood samples were obtained from study participants so that parameters such as HDL cholesterol or fasting insulin could serve as potential sources of indirect validity of physical activity levels. The CAPS study objectives and design have been described in greater detail elsewhere [15–18] . Briefly, CAPS inclusion criteria were self-reported AA, NA, or CA ethnicity, absence of conditions that would preclude daily physical activities such as walking or house and family care, and the ability to read and write English well enough to complete a physical activity diary. Data collection was standardized according to an operations manual used at clinic sites in Albuquerque, New Mexico and Columbia, South Carolina. The Institutional Review Board at the Universities New Mexico and of South Carolina approved the study and all participants provided written informed consent. The study population is described in Table 1 .

PY - 2003/11

Y1 - 2003/11

N2 - Background: Elevated plasma triglycerides (TG) and waist girth (hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTGW)) has been associated with elevated insulin, small dense low-density lipoprotein (sLDL) particles, and Apo B in men. The HTGW has not been reported for women and the effect of cardiorespiratory fitness ("fitness") on associations between HTGW and coronary risk factors is unknown. Purpose: To determine the prevalence of HTGW and the influence of fitness on the relationship between HTGW and coronary risk among 137 healthy women (54±9 year; body mass index (BMI)=28±6kg/m 2). Methods: HTGW was defined as waist girth >88cm and TG >150mg/dl. The metabolic triad was defined as insulin >31pmol/l, Apo B >69mg/dl and LDL-C >84mg/dl. Fitness was assessed with a maximal treadmill exercise test. Results: The sample prevalence of HTGW (n=15) was 11% (95% CI=5.7-16.0%). Apo B (P=0.04) and insulin (P=0.0001) increased across quintiles of waist girth, and LDL-C (P=0.004) increased across quintiles of TG. Metabolic triad prevalence was highest (67%, n=10) among HTGW women and lowest (22%, n=26) among non-HTGW women. A trend for higher coronary heart disease CHD risk factors was observed among HTGW compared with non-HTGW women. Among the HTGW group, a trend for lower CHD risk factors was observed among fit (≥6.5METs, n=7) versus unfit women (<6.5METs, n=8). Sample size limitations prohibited meaningful tests of significant differences in CHD risk factors when stratified simultaneously on HTGW and fitness status. Conclusions: HTGW is associated with increased coronary risk factors similarly among women as reported for men. Higher fitness may improve the CHD risk profile among women with HTGW.

AB - Background: Elevated plasma triglycerides (TG) and waist girth (hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTGW)) has been associated with elevated insulin, small dense low-density lipoprotein (sLDL) particles, and Apo B in men. The HTGW has not been reported for women and the effect of cardiorespiratory fitness ("fitness") on associations between HTGW and coronary risk factors is unknown. Purpose: To determine the prevalence of HTGW and the influence of fitness on the relationship between HTGW and coronary risk among 137 healthy women (54±9 year; body mass index (BMI)=28±6kg/m 2). Methods: HTGW was defined as waist girth >88cm and TG >150mg/dl. The metabolic triad was defined as insulin >31pmol/l, Apo B >69mg/dl and LDL-C >84mg/dl. Fitness was assessed with a maximal treadmill exercise test. Results: The sample prevalence of HTGW (n=15) was 11% (95% CI=5.7-16.0%). Apo B (P=0.04) and insulin (P=0.0001) increased across quintiles of waist girth, and LDL-C (P=0.004) increased across quintiles of TG. Metabolic triad prevalence was highest (67%, n=10) among HTGW women and lowest (22%, n=26) among non-HTGW women. A trend for higher coronary heart disease CHD risk factors was observed among HTGW compared with non-HTGW women. Among the HTGW group, a trend for lower CHD risk factors was observed among fit (≥6.5METs, n=7) versus unfit women (<6.5METs, n=8). Sample size limitations prohibited meaningful tests of significant differences in CHD risk factors when stratified simultaneously on HTGW and fitness status. Conclusions: HTGW is associated with increased coronary risk factors similarly among women as reported for men. Higher fitness may improve the CHD risk profile among women with HTGW.

KW - Cardiovascular disease

KW - Exercise

KW - Lipids

KW - Obesity

KW - Women

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DO - 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2003.07.008

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JF - Atherosclerosis

SN - 0021-9150

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ER -

The hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype among women

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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