TY - JOUR
T1 - The emplacement of the active lava flow at Sinabung Volcano, Sumatra, Indonesia, documented by structure-from-motion photogrammetry
AU - Carr, Brett B.
AU - Clarke, Amanda
AU - Arrowsmith, Ramon
AU - Vanderkluysen, Loÿc
AU - Dhanu, Bima Eko
N1 - Funding Information:
Author BC and fieldwork in Indonesia was supported by summer Ph.D. student research fellowships awarded by the School of Earth and Space Exploration (SESE) and funded by a Graduate College University Block Grant at Arizona State University. Fieldwork by BC, ABC, and JRA in the San Francisco Volcanic Field (AZ) was used to test and perfect the ground-based SfM technique; that work was supported by an REU Grant to Northern Arizona University (EAR1157038). LV was supported by Drexel University internal funds. The Sinabung Volcano Observatory offered useful field assistance and generously shared data and resources. The Badan Informasi Geospasial and the Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard Management (CVGHM) in Indonesia provided the base DEM we use in this study. The field campaign was facilitated and enhanced by a memorandum of understanding between SESE and the Department of Geologic Engineering at the Universitas Gadjah Mada. Comments from two anonymous reviewers helped to significantly improve the manuscript.
Funding Information:
Author BC and fieldwork in Indonesia was supported by summer Ph.D. student research fellowships awarded by the School of Earth and Space Exploration (SESE) and funded by a Graduate College University Block Grant at Arizona State University . Fieldwork by BC, ABC, and JRA in the San Francisco Volcanic Field (AZ) was used to test and perfect the ground-based SfM technique; that work was supported by an REU Grant to Northern Arizona University (EAR1157038). LV was supported by Drexel University internal funds. The Sinabung Volcano Observatory offered useful field assistance and generously shared data and resources. The Badan Informasi Geospasial and the Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard Management (CVGHM) in Indonesia provided the base DEM we use in this study. The field campaign was facilitated and enhanced by a memorandum of understanding between SESE and the Department of Geologic Engineering at the Universitas Gadjah Mada. Comments from two anonymous reviewers helped to significantly improve the manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2019/9/15
Y1 - 2019/9/15
N2 - An effusive eruption at Sinabung Volcano in Indonesia began in December 2013. We use structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetric techniques to create digital elevation models (DEMs) of the active lava flow. We build DEMs from photographs taken during two separate time periods and from two separate low-cost handheld cameras and compare them with a pre-eruption DEM to assess the quality and accuracy of photogrammetric DEMs created using different cameras, calculate flow volume and long-term average effusion rate, and document changes in flow morphology. On September 22nd, 2014, the lava flow was 2.9 km long and had a volume of 1.03 ± 0.14 × 108 m3, leading to an estimated time-averaged discharge rate of 4.8 ± 0.6 m3 s−1. Differencing the photogrammetric DEMs shows that during the two-week field campaign, topographic changes of the flow occurred in zones along the flow front and on the upper flank, a finding supported by relatively high temperatures in corresponding thermal images. The deformation can be explained by active advance at the flow front and development of instabilities and collapse on the upper flanks. Large pyroclastic density currents associated with gravitational collapse of upper-flank instabilities in October 2014 and June 2015 were caused by lava growing over ridges that had initially confined the flow to a pre-existing channel. This work demonstrates the ability of SfM photogrammetry to measure or identify the lava flow volume, time-averaged discharge rate, flow emplacement rate and style, as well as the development of gravitational instabilities. Our results show the potential of SfM photogrammetry as a cost- and time-effective method of repeatedly measuring active volcanic features and monitoring hazards at Sinabung and during similar eruptions.
AB - An effusive eruption at Sinabung Volcano in Indonesia began in December 2013. We use structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetric techniques to create digital elevation models (DEMs) of the active lava flow. We build DEMs from photographs taken during two separate time periods and from two separate low-cost handheld cameras and compare them with a pre-eruption DEM to assess the quality and accuracy of photogrammetric DEMs created using different cameras, calculate flow volume and long-term average effusion rate, and document changes in flow morphology. On September 22nd, 2014, the lava flow was 2.9 km long and had a volume of 1.03 ± 0.14 × 108 m3, leading to an estimated time-averaged discharge rate of 4.8 ± 0.6 m3 s−1. Differencing the photogrammetric DEMs shows that during the two-week field campaign, topographic changes of the flow occurred in zones along the flow front and on the upper flank, a finding supported by relatively high temperatures in corresponding thermal images. The deformation can be explained by active advance at the flow front and development of instabilities and collapse on the upper flanks. Large pyroclastic density currents associated with gravitational collapse of upper-flank instabilities in October 2014 and June 2015 were caused by lava growing over ridges that had initially confined the flow to a pre-existing channel. This work demonstrates the ability of SfM photogrammetry to measure or identify the lava flow volume, time-averaged discharge rate, flow emplacement rate and style, as well as the development of gravitational instabilities. Our results show the potential of SfM photogrammetry as a cost- and time-effective method of repeatedly measuring active volcanic features and monitoring hazards at Sinabung and during similar eruptions.
KW - Lava domes
KW - Lava flows
KW - Photogrammetry
KW - Silicic volcanism
KW - Sinabung
KW - Structure-from-motion
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2018.02.004
DO - 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2018.02.004
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85042371120
SN - 0377-0273
VL - 382
SP - 164
EP - 172
JO - Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
JF - Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
ER -