TY - JOUR
T1 - The complex puzzle of dietary silver nanoparticles, mucus and microbiota in the gut
AU - Bi, Yuqiang
AU - Marcus, Andrew K.
AU - Robert, Hervé
AU - Krajmalnik-Brown, Rosa
AU - Rittmann, Bruce E.
AU - Westerhoff, Paul
AU - Ropers, Marie Hélène
AU - Mercier-Bonin, Muriel
N1 - Funding Information:
Partial funding was provided from the US Environmental Protection Agency through the STAR program (RD83558001). INRA metaprogramme Meta-omics and microbial ecosystems (MEM) is acknowledged for its financial support.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, © 2020 Taylor & Francis.
PY - 2020/2/17
Y1 - 2020/2/17
N2 - Hundreds of consumer and commercial products containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are currently used in food, personal-care products, pharmaceutical, and many other applications. Human exposure to AgNPs includes oral intake, inhalation, and dermal contact. The aim of this review was to focus on oral intake, intentional and incidental of AgNPs where well-known antimicrobial characteristics that might affect the microbiome and mucus in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). This critical review summarizes what is known regarding the impacts of AgNPs on gut homeostasis. It is fundamental to understand the forms of AgNPs and their physicochemical characterization before and during digestion. For example, lab-synthesized AgNPs differ from “real” ingestable AgNPs used as food additives and dietary supplements. Similarly, the gut environment alters the chemical and physical state of Ag that is ingested as AgNPs. Emerging research on in vitro and in vivo rodent and human indicated complex multi-directional relationships among AgNPs, the intestinal microbiota, and the epithelial mucus. It may be necessary to go beyond today’s descriptive approach to a modeling-based ecosystem approach that might quantitatively integrate spatio-temporal interactions among microbial groups, host factors (e.g., mucus), and environmental factors, including lifestyle-based stressors. It is suggested that future research (1) utilize more representative AgNPs, focus on microbe/mucus interactions, (2) assess the effects of environmental stressors for longer and longitudinal conditions, and (3) be integrated using quantitative modeling.
AB - Hundreds of consumer and commercial products containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are currently used in food, personal-care products, pharmaceutical, and many other applications. Human exposure to AgNPs includes oral intake, inhalation, and dermal contact. The aim of this review was to focus on oral intake, intentional and incidental of AgNPs where well-known antimicrobial characteristics that might affect the microbiome and mucus in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). This critical review summarizes what is known regarding the impacts of AgNPs on gut homeostasis. It is fundamental to understand the forms of AgNPs and their physicochemical characterization before and during digestion. For example, lab-synthesized AgNPs differ from “real” ingestable AgNPs used as food additives and dietary supplements. Similarly, the gut environment alters the chemical and physical state of Ag that is ingested as AgNPs. Emerging research on in vitro and in vivo rodent and human indicated complex multi-directional relationships among AgNPs, the intestinal microbiota, and the epithelial mucus. It may be necessary to go beyond today’s descriptive approach to a modeling-based ecosystem approach that might quantitatively integrate spatio-temporal interactions among microbial groups, host factors (e.g., mucus), and environmental factors, including lifestyle-based stressors. It is suggested that future research (1) utilize more representative AgNPs, focus on microbe/mucus interactions, (2) assess the effects of environmental stressors for longer and longitudinal conditions, and (3) be integrated using quantitative modeling.
KW - Silver nanoparticles
KW - digestion
KW - gut
KW - human exposure
KW - mathematical modeling
KW - microbiota
KW - mucus
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85077855024&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85077855024&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/10937404.2019.1710914
DO - 10.1080/10937404.2019.1710914
M3 - Article
C2 - 31920169
AN - SCOPUS:85077855024
SN - 1093-7404
VL - 23
SP - 69
EP - 89
JO - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health - Part B: Critical Reviews
JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health - Part B: Critical Reviews
IS - 2
ER -