Switching behavior of nanoscale Co ferromagnetic elements using off-axis electron holography

H. Hu; H. Wang; Martha McCartney; David Smith

doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.11.576

Switching behavior of nanoscale Co ferromagnetic elements using off-axis electron holography

H. Hu, H. Wang, Martha McCartney, David Smith

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

7 Scopus citations

Abstract

The switching behavior of 20-nm-thick nanoscale Co ferromagnets has been investigated using the technique of off-axis electron holography. Elements having elliptical, dumbbell, ring and "Pacman" shapes were fabricated on electron-transparent silicon nitride membranes using standard electron-beam lithography and lift-off techniques. Ellipses generally showed linear switching but interactions between closely spaced elements occasionally caused inconsistent switching. Dumbbells, rings and disk-like Pacman shapes developed intermediate vortex states during switching, which caused broad switching fields. Ring-like Pacman shapes had negligible fringing field and switched very rapidly without the formation of any vortex state.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	234-237
Number of pages	4
Journal	Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
Volume	290-291 PART 1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.11.576
State	Published - Apr 2005

Keywords

Co ferromagnets
Electron holography
Switching field
Vortex state

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Condensed Matter Physics

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10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.11.576

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title = "Switching behavior of nanoscale Co ferromagnetic elements using off-axis electron holography",

abstract = "The switching behavior of 20-nm-thick nanoscale Co ferromagnets has been investigated using the technique of off-axis electron holography. Elements having elliptical, dumbbell, ring and {"}Pacman{"} shapes were fabricated on electron-transparent silicon nitride membranes using standard electron-beam lithography and lift-off techniques. Ellipses generally showed linear switching but interactions between closely spaced elements occasionally caused inconsistent switching. Dumbbells, rings and disk-like Pacman shapes developed intermediate vortex states during switching, which caused broad switching fields. Ring-like Pacman shapes had negligible fringing field and switched very rapidly without the formation of any vortex state.",

keywords = "Co ferromagnets, Electron holography, Switching field, Vortex state",

author = "H. Hu and H. Wang and Martha McCartney and David Smith",

note = "Funding Information: This work is supported by the Office of Naval Research Grant #N000140210922, monitored by Chagaan Bataar. We acknowledge use of facilities in the John M. Cowley Center for High Resolution Electron Microscopy at Arizona State University.",

year = "2005",

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doi = "10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.11.576",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "290-291 PART 1",

pages = "234--237",

journal = "Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials",

issn = "0304-8853",

publisher = "Elsevier",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Switching behavior of nanoscale Co ferromagnetic elements using off-axis electron holography

AU - Hu, H.

AU - Wang, H.

AU - McCartney, Martha

AU - Smith, David

N1 - Funding Information: This work is supported by the Office of Naval Research Grant #N000140210922, monitored by Chagaan Bataar. We acknowledge use of facilities in the John M. Cowley Center for High Resolution Electron Microscopy at Arizona State University.

PY - 2005/4

Y1 - 2005/4

N2 - The switching behavior of 20-nm-thick nanoscale Co ferromagnets has been investigated using the technique of off-axis electron holography. Elements having elliptical, dumbbell, ring and "Pacman" shapes were fabricated on electron-transparent silicon nitride membranes using standard electron-beam lithography and lift-off techniques. Ellipses generally showed linear switching but interactions between closely spaced elements occasionally caused inconsistent switching. Dumbbells, rings and disk-like Pacman shapes developed intermediate vortex states during switching, which caused broad switching fields. Ring-like Pacman shapes had negligible fringing field and switched very rapidly without the formation of any vortex state.

AB - The switching behavior of 20-nm-thick nanoscale Co ferromagnets has been investigated using the technique of off-axis electron holography. Elements having elliptical, dumbbell, ring and "Pacman" shapes were fabricated on electron-transparent silicon nitride membranes using standard electron-beam lithography and lift-off techniques. Ellipses generally showed linear switching but interactions between closely spaced elements occasionally caused inconsistent switching. Dumbbells, rings and disk-like Pacman shapes developed intermediate vortex states during switching, which caused broad switching fields. Ring-like Pacman shapes had negligible fringing field and switched very rapidly without the formation of any vortex state.

KW - Co ferromagnets

KW - Electron holography

KW - Switching field

KW - Vortex state

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AN - SCOPUS:14944346222

SN - 0304-8853

VL - 290-291 PART 1

SP - 234

EP - 237

JO - Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials

JF - Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials

ER -

Switching behavior of nanoscale Co ferromagnetic elements using off-axis electron holography

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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