TY - JOUR
T1 - Sugar-sweetened beverages and colorectal cancer risk in the California Teachers Study
AU - Pacheco, Lorena S.
AU - Anderson, Cheryl A.M.
AU - Lacey, James V.
AU - Giovannucci, Edward L.
AU - Lemus, Hector
AU - Araneta, Maria Rosario G.
AU - Sears, Dorothy D.
AU - Talavera, Gregory A.
AU - Martinez, Maria Elena
N1 - Funding Information:
The California Teachers Study and the research reported in this manuscript were supported by the National Cancer Institute (URL: https://www.cancer.gov/) of the National Institutes of Health under award number U01-CA199277 (JVL); P30-CA033572 (STR; not a co-author); P30-CA023100 (JAC; not a co-author); UM1-CA164917 (JVL); and R01-CA077398 (LB; not a co-author). Additionally, research reported in this manuscript was supported by grant CA023100-29 from the University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center (URL: https://medschool.ucsd.edu/ research/moores/Pages/default.aspx) (MEM), and grant T32 HL079891-11 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (URL: https://www.nhlbi. nih.gov/) (MA; not a co-author, director of training program). The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The authors would like to thank the participants and staff of the California Teachers Study for their continuous involvement and valuable contributions. We also acknowledge the workforce of the California Cancer Registry. Additionally, the authors would like to thank the California Teachers Study Steering Committee that is responsible for the formation and maintenance of the Study within which this research was conducted. A full list of California Teachers Study team members is available at https://www.calteachersstudy.org/team.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Pacheco et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
PY - 2019/10/1
Y1 - 2019/10/1
N2 - Background The association between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk remains unclear and published data are limited. Methods The analytic cohort included 99,798 women, free of cancer at baseline, from the California Teachers Study, a longitudinal cohort comprised of 133,477 female teachers and administrators who were active or recently retired members of the California State Teachers Retirement System in 1995. SSB consumption constituted caloric soft drinks, sweetened bottled waters and teas, and fruit drinks, derived from a self-administered food frequency questionnaire. Consumption was divided into four categories: Rare or never, >rare/never to <1 serving/week, ≥1 serving/week to <1 serving/day, and ≥1 serving/day. CRC endpoints were based on annual linkage with California Cancer Registry, defined as first diagnosis of CRC, and classified following the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program coding system. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to generate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for assessing the association between SSB consumption and incident CRC. Results A total of 1,318 incident CRC cases were identified over 20 years of follow-up (54.5% proximal colon and 45.5% distal colorectum). Compared with rare/never consumers, the multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CI) were 1.14 (0.86, 1.53) for total CRC; 1.11 (0.73, 1.68) for proximal colon; and 1.22 (0.80, 1.86) for distal colorectum cancers among women consuming ≥ 1 serving/day of SSBs. Conclusion SSBs were not significantly associated with CRC risk. The biological effects of high SSB consumption make it important to continue to evaluate whether SSBs are associated with CRC. Additionally, future studies should further assess SSBs in large, racial/ethnically diverse cohorts of males and females, and, if feasible, address changes in SSB consumption over time.
AB - Background The association between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk remains unclear and published data are limited. Methods The analytic cohort included 99,798 women, free of cancer at baseline, from the California Teachers Study, a longitudinal cohort comprised of 133,477 female teachers and administrators who were active or recently retired members of the California State Teachers Retirement System in 1995. SSB consumption constituted caloric soft drinks, sweetened bottled waters and teas, and fruit drinks, derived from a self-administered food frequency questionnaire. Consumption was divided into four categories: Rare or never, >rare/never to <1 serving/week, ≥1 serving/week to <1 serving/day, and ≥1 serving/day. CRC endpoints were based on annual linkage with California Cancer Registry, defined as first diagnosis of CRC, and classified following the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program coding system. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to generate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for assessing the association between SSB consumption and incident CRC. Results A total of 1,318 incident CRC cases were identified over 20 years of follow-up (54.5% proximal colon and 45.5% distal colorectum). Compared with rare/never consumers, the multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CI) were 1.14 (0.86, 1.53) for total CRC; 1.11 (0.73, 1.68) for proximal colon; and 1.22 (0.80, 1.86) for distal colorectum cancers among women consuming ≥ 1 serving/day of SSBs. Conclusion SSBs were not significantly associated with CRC risk. The biological effects of high SSB consumption make it important to continue to evaluate whether SSBs are associated with CRC. Additionally, future studies should further assess SSBs in large, racial/ethnically diverse cohorts of males and females, and, if feasible, address changes in SSB consumption over time.
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U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0223638
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0223638
M3 - Article
C2 - 31596902
AN - SCOPUS:85073097068
VL - 14
JO - PLoS One
JF - PLoS One
SN - 1932-6203
IS - 10
M1 - e0223638
ER -