TY - JOUR
T1 - Substitution of vegetable oil for a partially-hydrogenated fat favorably alters cardiovascular disease risk factors in moderately hypercholesterolemic postmenopausal women
AU - Vega-López, Sonia
AU - Matthan, Nirupa R.
AU - Ausman, Lynne M.
AU - Ai, Masumi
AU - Otokozawa, Seiko
AU - Schaefer, Ernst J.
AU - Lichtenstein, Alice H.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by NIH grant HL 54727 and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under agreement no. 58-1950-4-401.
PY - 2009/11
Y1 - 2009/11
N2 - Objective: Compared to vegetable oils in their unmodified state, partially-hydrogenated fat is associated with less favorable effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Acceptable alternatives must be adjudicated. Our objective was to assess the effect of a recent commercial fat substitution, corn oil for partially-hydrogenated soybean oil. Methods: Using a double-blind cross-over design, 30 postmenopausal women ≥50 years with LDL-cholesterol concentrations ≥120 mg/dL were randomly assigned to each of two 35-day phases; all food and beverage was provided to maintain body weight. Corn or partially-hydrogenated soybean oil was incorporated throughout the diet and contributed two-thirds of fat. Primary outcomes included fasting and non-fasting lipid, lipoprotein, apolipoprotein, and fasting high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) concentrations; secondary outcomes included fasting small dense LDL (sdLDL)-cholesterol, remnant lipoprotein cholesterol (RemLC), glycated albumin, adiponectin and immunoreactive insulin concentrations, and endogenous cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and lecithin:cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) activities. Results: Relative to the partially-hydrogenated soybean oil enriched diet, the corn oil enriched diet resulted in lower fasting total cholesterol (7%; P < 0.0001), LDL-cholesterol (10%; P < 0.0001), VLDL-cholesterol (7%; P = 0.052), apo B (9%; P < 0.0001), lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] (5%; P = 0.024), sdLDL-cholesterol (17%; P = 0.001), and RemLC (20%; P = 0.007) concentrations, and no significant effect on the other outcomes. Changes in postprandial (4-h post-meal) lipid, lipoprotein and apolipoprotein concentrations were similar to the fasting state. Conclusion: The replacement of partially-hydrogenated soybean oil with corn oil favorably affects a range of CVD risk factors and is an appropriate option to decrease cardiovascular disease risk factors in moderately hypercholesterolemic individuals.
AB - Objective: Compared to vegetable oils in their unmodified state, partially-hydrogenated fat is associated with less favorable effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Acceptable alternatives must be adjudicated. Our objective was to assess the effect of a recent commercial fat substitution, corn oil for partially-hydrogenated soybean oil. Methods: Using a double-blind cross-over design, 30 postmenopausal women ≥50 years with LDL-cholesterol concentrations ≥120 mg/dL were randomly assigned to each of two 35-day phases; all food and beverage was provided to maintain body weight. Corn or partially-hydrogenated soybean oil was incorporated throughout the diet and contributed two-thirds of fat. Primary outcomes included fasting and non-fasting lipid, lipoprotein, apolipoprotein, and fasting high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) concentrations; secondary outcomes included fasting small dense LDL (sdLDL)-cholesterol, remnant lipoprotein cholesterol (RemLC), glycated albumin, adiponectin and immunoreactive insulin concentrations, and endogenous cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and lecithin:cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) activities. Results: Relative to the partially-hydrogenated soybean oil enriched diet, the corn oil enriched diet resulted in lower fasting total cholesterol (7%; P < 0.0001), LDL-cholesterol (10%; P < 0.0001), VLDL-cholesterol (7%; P = 0.052), apo B (9%; P < 0.0001), lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] (5%; P = 0.024), sdLDL-cholesterol (17%; P = 0.001), and RemLC (20%; P = 0.007) concentrations, and no significant effect on the other outcomes. Changes in postprandial (4-h post-meal) lipid, lipoprotein and apolipoprotein concentrations were similar to the fasting state. Conclusion: The replacement of partially-hydrogenated soybean oil with corn oil favorably affects a range of CVD risk factors and is an appropriate option to decrease cardiovascular disease risk factors in moderately hypercholesterolemic individuals.
KW - CETP
KW - Cardiovascular disease
KW - HDL-cholesterol
KW - LCAT
KW - LDL-cholesterol
KW - Lipoproteins
KW - Partially-hydrogenated fat
KW - Polyunsaturated fatty acids
KW - Trans fatty acids
KW - Vegetable oil
KW - hsCRP
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U2 - 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.03.039
DO - 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.03.039
M3 - Article
C2 - 19423109
AN - SCOPUS:70350571822
SN - 0021-9150
VL - 207
SP - 208
EP - 212
JO - Atherosclerosis
JF - Atherosclerosis
IS - 1
ER -