TY - JOUR
T1 - Submillimeter observations of IRAS and WISE debris disk candidates
AU - Bulger, J.
AU - Hufford, T.
AU - Schneider, A.
AU - Patience, Jennifer
AU - Song, I.
AU - De Rosa, R. J.
AU - Rajan, A.
AU - Dowell, C. D.
AU - McCarthy, D.
AU - Kulesa, C.
N1 - Funding Information:
This material is based upon work at the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation (AST-0838261) We gratefully acknowledge support to Exeter from the Leverhulme Trust (F/00144/BJ) and STFC (ST/F0071241/1, ST/H002707/1). This research is partly based on data obtained from the ESO Science Archive Facility, and the CFHT Science Archive. Based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained from the data archive at the Space Telescope Science Institute. STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This research has made use of the Washington Double Star Catalog maintained at the US Naval Observatory. This research has made use of data obtained from the SuperCOSMOS Science Archive, prepared and hosted by the Wide Field Astronomy Unit, Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, which is funded by the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. This research used the facilities of the Canadian Astronomy Data Centre operated by the National Research Council of Canada with the support of the Canadian Space Agency. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
PY - 2013
Y1 - 2013
N2 - A set of six debris disk candidates identified with IRAS or WISE excesses were observed at either 350 μm or 450 μm with the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory. Five of the targets - HIP 51658, HIP 68160, HIP 73512, HIP 76375, and HIP 112460 - have among the largest measured excess emission from cold dust from IRAS in the 25-100 μm bands. Single temperature blackbody fits to the excess dust emission of these sources predict 350-450 μm fluxes above 240 mJy. The final target - HIP 73165 - exhibits weak excess emission above the stellar photosphere from WISE measurements at 22 μm, indicative of a population of warm circumstellar dust. None of the six targets were detected, with 3σ upper limits ranging from 51-239 mJy. These limits are significantly below the expected fluxes from SED fitting. Two potential causes of the null detections were explored - companion stars and contamination. To investigate the possible influence of companion stars, imaging data were analyzed from new adaptive optics data from the ARIES instrument on the 6.5 m MMT and archival HST, Gemini NIRI, and POSS/2MASS data. The images are sensitive to all stellar companions beyond a radius of 1-94 AU, with the inner limit depending on the distance and brightness of each target. One target is identified as a binary system, but with a separation too large to impact the disk. While the gravitational effects of a companion do not appear to provide an explanation for the submm upper limits, the majority of the IRAS excess targets show evidence for contaminating sources, based on investigation of higher resolution WISE and archival Spitzer and Herschel images. Finally, the exploratory submm measurements of the WISE excess source suggest that the hot dust present around these targets is not matched by a comparable population of colder, outer dust. More extensive and more sensitive Herschel observations of WISE excess sources will build upon this initial example to further define the characteristics of warm debris disks sources.
AB - A set of six debris disk candidates identified with IRAS or WISE excesses were observed at either 350 μm or 450 μm with the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory. Five of the targets - HIP 51658, HIP 68160, HIP 73512, HIP 76375, and HIP 112460 - have among the largest measured excess emission from cold dust from IRAS in the 25-100 μm bands. Single temperature blackbody fits to the excess dust emission of these sources predict 350-450 μm fluxes above 240 mJy. The final target - HIP 73165 - exhibits weak excess emission above the stellar photosphere from WISE measurements at 22 μm, indicative of a population of warm circumstellar dust. None of the six targets were detected, with 3σ upper limits ranging from 51-239 mJy. These limits are significantly below the expected fluxes from SED fitting. Two potential causes of the null detections were explored - companion stars and contamination. To investigate the possible influence of companion stars, imaging data were analyzed from new adaptive optics data from the ARIES instrument on the 6.5 m MMT and archival HST, Gemini NIRI, and POSS/2MASS data. The images are sensitive to all stellar companions beyond a radius of 1-94 AU, with the inner limit depending on the distance and brightness of each target. One target is identified as a binary system, but with a separation too large to impact the disk. While the gravitational effects of a companion do not appear to provide an explanation for the submm upper limits, the majority of the IRAS excess targets show evidence for contaminating sources, based on investigation of higher resolution WISE and archival Spitzer and Herschel images. Finally, the exploratory submm measurements of the WISE excess source suggest that the hot dust present around these targets is not matched by a comparable population of colder, outer dust. More extensive and more sensitive Herschel observations of WISE excess sources will build upon this initial example to further define the characteristics of warm debris disks sources.
KW - Circumstellar matter
KW - Stars: imaging
KW - Submillimeter: planetary systems
KW - Techniques: high angular resolution
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U2 - 10.1051/0004-6361/201321726
DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/201321726
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84881455993
SN - 0004-6361
VL - 556
JO - Astronomy and Astrophysics
JF - Astronomy and Astrophysics
M1 - A119
ER -