TY - JOUR
T1 - Strategies for quantifying C60fullerenes in environmental and biological samples and implications for studies in environmental health and ecotoxicology
AU - Pycke, Benny F G
AU - Halden, Rolf
AU - Benn, Troy M.
AU - Westerhoff, Paul
AU - Herckes, Pierre
AU - Herckes, Pierre
AU - Halden, Rolf U.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported by Grants 1RC2ES018801 and 1R01ES015445 of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS). This content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIEHS or the National Institutes of Health.
PY - 2011
Y1 - 2011
N2 - Fullerenes are sphere-like molecules with unique physico-chemical properties, which render them of particular interest in biomedical research, consumer products and industrial applications. Human and environmental exposure to fullerenes is not a new phenomenon, due to a long history of hydrocarbon-combustion sources, and will only increase in the future, as incorporation of fullerenes into consumer products becomes more widespread for use as anti-aging, anti-bacterial or anti-apoptotic agents. An essential step in the determination of biological effects of fullerenes (and their surface-functionalized derivatives) is establishment of exposure-assessment techniques. However, in ecotoxicological studies, quantification of fullerenes is performed infrequently because robust, uniformly applicable analytical approaches have yet to be identified, due to the wide variety of sample types. Moreover, the unique physico-chemistry of fullerenes in aqueous matrices requires reassessment of conventional analytical approaches, especially in more complex biological matrices (e.g., urine, blood, plasma, milk, and tissue). Here, we present a review of current analytical approaches for the quantification of fullerenes and propose a consensus approach for determination of these nanomaterials in a variety of environmental and biological matrices.
AB - Fullerenes are sphere-like molecules with unique physico-chemical properties, which render them of particular interest in biomedical research, consumer products and industrial applications. Human and environmental exposure to fullerenes is not a new phenomenon, due to a long history of hydrocarbon-combustion sources, and will only increase in the future, as incorporation of fullerenes into consumer products becomes more widespread for use as anti-aging, anti-bacterial or anti-apoptotic agents. An essential step in the determination of biological effects of fullerenes (and their surface-functionalized derivatives) is establishment of exposure-assessment techniques. However, in ecotoxicological studies, quantification of fullerenes is performed infrequently because robust, uniformly applicable analytical approaches have yet to be identified, due to the wide variety of sample types. Moreover, the unique physico-chemistry of fullerenes in aqueous matrices requires reassessment of conventional analytical approaches, especially in more complex biological matrices (e.g., urine, blood, plasma, milk, and tissue). Here, we present a review of current analytical approaches for the quantification of fullerenes and propose a consensus approach for determination of these nanomaterials in a variety of environmental and biological matrices.
KW - Carbonaceous nanoparticles
KW - Environmental impact study
KW - Liquid chromatography
KW - Liquid-liquid extraction
KW - Mass spectrometry
KW - Nanomaterial
KW - Nanotoxicology
KW - Solid-phase extraction
KW - Toxicity assessment
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U2 - 10.1016/j.trac.2010.08.005
DO - 10.1016/j.trac.2010.08.005
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:78650233506
SN - 0165-9936
VL - 30
SP - 44
EP - 57
JO - TrAC - Trends in Analytical Chemistry
JF - TrAC - Trends in Analytical Chemistry
IS - 1
ER -