TY - JOUR
T1 - Spontaneous Emulsification of a Metal Drop Immersed in Slag Due to Dephosphorization
T2 - Surface Area Quantification
AU - Assis, Andre N.
AU - Warnett, Jason
AU - Spooner, Stephen
AU - Fruehan, Richard J.
AU - Williams, Mark A.
AU - Sridhar, Seetharaman
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank the Center for Iron and Steelmaking Research at Carnegie Mellon University for funding this project as well as the WMG International Manufacturing Centre at The University of Warwick for carrying out the XCT measurements. Andre Assis also thanks Prof. Chris Pistorius, Prof. David Laughlin and Karina Assis for valuable discussions on the topic.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2014, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International.
PY - 2015/4/1
Y1 - 2015/4/1
N2 - When a chemical reaction occurs between two immiscible liquids, mass transfer is continuously taking place at the liquid–liquid interface. Several studies have shown that if the species being exchanged between the two liquids are surface-active, a very pronounced decrease in interfacial tension can occur which can lead to a phenomenon called spontaneous emulsification. In steelmaking, this behavior has been observed for several reactions that involve the transfer of impurities from molten steel to a molten-oxide slag but little quantification has been made. This work focuses on spontaneous emulsification due to the dephosphorization of a Fe-P drop immersed in a basic oxygen furnace type slag. An Au-image furnace attached to a confocal scanning laser microscope was used to rapidly heat and cool the samples at different times, and X-ray computerized tomography was used to perform the surface area calculations of the samples where the slag/steel reaction was allowed to occur for distinct times. The results show that the surface area of the metal drop rapidly increases by over one order of magnitude during the first 60 seconds of the reaction while the chemical reaction is occurring at a fast rate. Once the reaction slows down, approximately after 60 seconds, the droplets start to coalesce back together minimizing the surface area and returning to a geometry close to its equilibrium shape.
AB - When a chemical reaction occurs between two immiscible liquids, mass transfer is continuously taking place at the liquid–liquid interface. Several studies have shown that if the species being exchanged between the two liquids are surface-active, a very pronounced decrease in interfacial tension can occur which can lead to a phenomenon called spontaneous emulsification. In steelmaking, this behavior has been observed for several reactions that involve the transfer of impurities from molten steel to a molten-oxide slag but little quantification has been made. This work focuses on spontaneous emulsification due to the dephosphorization of a Fe-P drop immersed in a basic oxygen furnace type slag. An Au-image furnace attached to a confocal scanning laser microscope was used to rapidly heat and cool the samples at different times, and X-ray computerized tomography was used to perform the surface area calculations of the samples where the slag/steel reaction was allowed to occur for distinct times. The results show that the surface area of the metal drop rapidly increases by over one order of magnitude during the first 60 seconds of the reaction while the chemical reaction is occurring at a fast rate. Once the reaction slows down, approximately after 60 seconds, the droplets start to coalesce back together minimizing the surface area and returning to a geometry close to its equilibrium shape.
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U2 - 10.1007/s11663-014-0248-z
DO - 10.1007/s11663-014-0248-z
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84940008889
SN - 1073-5615
VL - 46
SP - 568
EP - 576
JO - Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B: Process Metallurgy and Materials Processing Science
JF - Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B: Process Metallurgy and Materials Processing Science
IS - 2
ER -