TY - JOUR
T1 - SN 2010jp (PTF10aaxi)
T2 - A jet in a Type II supernova
AU - Smith, Nathan
AU - Cenko, S. Bradley
AU - Butler, Nat
AU - Bloom, Joshua S.
AU - Kasliwal, Mansi M.
AU - Horesh, Assaf
AU - Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.
AU - Law, Nicholas M.
AU - Nugent, Peter E.
AU - Ofek, Eran O.
AU - Poznanski, Dovi
AU - Quimby, Robert M.
AU - Sesar, Branimir
AU - Ben-Ami, Sagi
AU - Arcavi, Iair
AU - Gal-Yam, Avishay
AU - Polishook, David
AU - Xu, Dong
AU - Yaron, Ofer
AU - Frail, Dale A.
AU - Sullivan, Mark
PY - 2012/2
Y1 - 2012/2
N2 - We present photometry and spectroscopy of the peculiar Type II supernova (SN) SN 2010jp, also named PTF10aaxi. The light curve exhibits a linear decline with a relatively low peak absolute magnitude of only -15.9 (unfiltered), and a low radioactive decay luminosity at late times, which suggests a low synthesized nickel mass of M ( 56 Ni) ≲ 0.003 M ⊙. Spectra of SN 2010jp display an unprecedented triple-peaked Hα line profile, showing (1) a narrow (full width at half-maximum >rsim800kms -1) central component that suggests shock interaction with dense circumstellar material (CSM); (2) high-velocity blue and red emission features centred at -12600 and +15400kms -1, respectively; and (3) very broad wings extending from -22000 to +25000kms -1. These features persist over multiple epochs during the ~100 d after explosion. We propose that this line profile indicates a bipolar jet-driven explosion, with the central component produced by normal SN ejecta and CSM interaction at mid and low latitudes, while the high-velocity bumps and broad-line wings arise in a non-relativistic bipolar jet. Two variations of the jet interpretation seem plausible: (1) a fast jet mixes 56Ni to high velocities in polar zones of the H-rich envelope; or (2) the reverse shock in the jet produces blue and red bumps in Balmer lines when a jet interacts with dense CSM. Jet-driven Type II SNe are predicted for collapsars resulting from a wide range of initial masses above 25M ⊙, especially at subsolar metallicity. This seems consistent with the SN host environment, which is either an extremely low-luminosity dwarf galaxy or the very remote parts of an interacting pair of star-forming galaxies. It also seems consistent with the apparently low 56Ni mass that may accompany black hole formation. We speculate that the jet survives to produce observable signatures because the star's H envelope was very low mass, having been mostly stripped away by the previous eruptive mass-loss indicated by the Type IIn features in the spectrum.
AB - We present photometry and spectroscopy of the peculiar Type II supernova (SN) SN 2010jp, also named PTF10aaxi. The light curve exhibits a linear decline with a relatively low peak absolute magnitude of only -15.9 (unfiltered), and a low radioactive decay luminosity at late times, which suggests a low synthesized nickel mass of M ( 56 Ni) ≲ 0.003 M ⊙. Spectra of SN 2010jp display an unprecedented triple-peaked Hα line profile, showing (1) a narrow (full width at half-maximum >rsim800kms -1) central component that suggests shock interaction with dense circumstellar material (CSM); (2) high-velocity blue and red emission features centred at -12600 and +15400kms -1, respectively; and (3) very broad wings extending from -22000 to +25000kms -1. These features persist over multiple epochs during the ~100 d after explosion. We propose that this line profile indicates a bipolar jet-driven explosion, with the central component produced by normal SN ejecta and CSM interaction at mid and low latitudes, while the high-velocity bumps and broad-line wings arise in a non-relativistic bipolar jet. Two variations of the jet interpretation seem plausible: (1) a fast jet mixes 56Ni to high velocities in polar zones of the H-rich envelope; or (2) the reverse shock in the jet produces blue and red bumps in Balmer lines when a jet interacts with dense CSM. Jet-driven Type II SNe are predicted for collapsars resulting from a wide range of initial masses above 25M ⊙, especially at subsolar metallicity. This seems consistent with the SN host environment, which is either an extremely low-luminosity dwarf galaxy or the very remote parts of an interacting pair of star-forming galaxies. It also seems consistent with the apparently low 56Ni mass that may accompany black hole formation. We speculate that the jet survives to produce observable signatures because the star's H envelope was very low mass, having been mostly stripped away by the previous eruptive mass-loss indicated by the Type IIn features in the spectrum.
KW - Circumstellar matter
KW - ISM: jets and outflows
KW - Supernovae: general
KW - Supernovae: individual: SN 2010jp
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84863412823&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84863412823&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.20104.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.20104.x
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84863412823
SN - 0035-8711
VL - 420
SP - 1135
EP - 1144
JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
IS - 2
ER -