TY - JOUR
T1 - Sex-specific risk profiles for substance use among college students
AU - Spit for Science Working Group
AU - Martin, Caitlin E.
AU - Ksinan, Albert J.
AU - Moeller, Frederick Gerard
AU - Dick, Danielle
AU - Dick, Danielle M.
AU - Neale, Zoe
AU - Adkins, Amy E.
AU - Thomas, Nathaniel
AU - Neale, Zoe
AU - Pedersen, Kimberly
AU - Bannard, Thomas
AU - Cho, Seung B.
AU - Adkins, Amy E.
AU - Barr, Peter
AU - Byers, Holly
AU - Berenz, Erin C.
AU - Caraway, Erin
AU - Cho, Seung B.
AU - Clifford, James S.
AU - Cooke, Megan
AU - Do, Elizabeth
AU - Edwards, Alexis C.
AU - Goyal, Neeru
AU - Hack, Laura M.
AU - Halberstadt, Lisa J.
AU - Hawn, Sage
AU - Kuo, Sally
AU - Lasko, Emily
AU - Lend, Jennifer
AU - Lind, Mackenzie
AU - Long, Elizabeth
AU - Martelli, Alexandra
AU - Meyers, Jacquelyn L.
AU - Mitchell, Kerry
AU - Moore, Ashlee
AU - Moscati, Arden
AU - Nasim, Aashir
AU - Neale, Zoe
AU - Opalesky, Jill
AU - Overstreet, Cassie
AU - Pais, A. Christian
AU - Pedersen, Kimberly
AU - Raldiris, Tarah
AU - Salvatore, Jessica
AU - Savage, Jeanne
AU - Smith, Rebecca
AU - Sosnowski, David
AU - Su, Jinni
AU - Thomas, Nathaniel
AU - Walker, Chloe
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Authors. Brain and Behavior published by Wiley Periodicals LLC
PY - 2021/2
Y1 - 2021/2
N2 - Introduction: Growing evidence indicates sex and gender differences exist in substance use. Framed by a lifecourse perspective, we explored prospectively by sex the effects of distal and proximal factors on the initiation of drug use in college. Methods: College students without prior drug use (n = 5,120 females; n = 2,951 males) were followed longitudinally across 4 years. Analyses were estimated as a multigroup survival analysis separately by sex within a latent variable SEM framework with illicit drug use (6 or more times in past year) as the latent factor. Results: More males initiated drug use (8.5%) than females (6.4%, χ2 (1) = 10.351, p =.001), but less so for Black males (AOR 0.33, 95% CI [0.18, 0.60]) and females (0.35 [0.23, 0.54]). Students initiating drug use more likely included students smoking cigarettes at baseline (males 1.40 [1.23, 1.59]; females 1.43 [1.24, 1.64]), using alcohol (males 1.04 [1.02, 1.06]; females 1.04 [1.02, 1.06]), or having cannabis using peers (males 1.79 [1.52, 2.11]; females 1.70 [1.49, 1.93]). Impulsivity domain associations differed by sex [negative urgency: females (1.23 [1.02, 1.49) and sensation seeking: males (1.33 [1.01, 1.75])]. History of unwanted/uncomfortable sexual experience predicted drug use for males (1.60 [1.09, 2.35]) and females (1.95 [1.45, 2.62]) but physical assault only for females (1.45 [1.08, 1.94]). Mood symptoms predicted drug use only for males [depression (0.73 [0.56, 0.95]); anxiety (1.40 [1.04, 1.89])]. Conclusions: Risk factors for initiating drug use during college differ by sex. As substance use during early age predisposes one for addiction, sex- and gender-informed interventions for young adults are needed.
AB - Introduction: Growing evidence indicates sex and gender differences exist in substance use. Framed by a lifecourse perspective, we explored prospectively by sex the effects of distal and proximal factors on the initiation of drug use in college. Methods: College students without prior drug use (n = 5,120 females; n = 2,951 males) were followed longitudinally across 4 years. Analyses were estimated as a multigroup survival analysis separately by sex within a latent variable SEM framework with illicit drug use (6 or more times in past year) as the latent factor. Results: More males initiated drug use (8.5%) than females (6.4%, χ2 (1) = 10.351, p =.001), but less so for Black males (AOR 0.33, 95% CI [0.18, 0.60]) and females (0.35 [0.23, 0.54]). Students initiating drug use more likely included students smoking cigarettes at baseline (males 1.40 [1.23, 1.59]; females 1.43 [1.24, 1.64]), using alcohol (males 1.04 [1.02, 1.06]; females 1.04 [1.02, 1.06]), or having cannabis using peers (males 1.79 [1.52, 2.11]; females 1.70 [1.49, 1.93]). Impulsivity domain associations differed by sex [negative urgency: females (1.23 [1.02, 1.49) and sensation seeking: males (1.33 [1.01, 1.75])]. History of unwanted/uncomfortable sexual experience predicted drug use for males (1.60 [1.09, 2.35]) and females (1.95 [1.45, 2.62]) but physical assault only for females (1.45 [1.08, 1.94]). Mood symptoms predicted drug use only for males [depression (0.73 [0.56, 0.95]); anxiety (1.40 [1.04, 1.89])]. Conclusions: Risk factors for initiating drug use during college differ by sex. As substance use during early age predisposes one for addiction, sex- and gender-informed interventions for young adults are needed.
KW - addiction
KW - gender
KW - sex
KW - students
KW - substance use disorder
KW - young adults
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U2 - 10.1002/brb3.1959
DO - 10.1002/brb3.1959
M3 - Article
C2 - 33222410
AN - SCOPUS:85101184210
SN - 2157-9032
VL - 11
JO - Brain and Behavior
JF - Brain and Behavior
IS - 2
M1 - e01959
ER -