TY - JOUR
T1 - Self-improving anode for lithium-ion batteries based on amorphous to cubic phase transition in TiO 2 nanotubes
AU - Xiong, Hui
AU - Yildirim, Handan
AU - Shevchenko, Elena V.
AU - Prakapenka, Vitali B.
AU - Koo, Bonil
AU - Slater, Michael D.
AU - Balasubramanian, Mahalingam
AU - Sankaranarayanan, Subramanian K.R.S.
AU - Greeley, Jeffrey P.
AU - Tepavcevic, Sanja
AU - Dimitrijevic, Nada M.
AU - Podsiadlo, Paul
AU - Johnson, Christopher S.
AU - Rajh, Tijana
PY - 2012/2/2
Y1 - 2012/2/2
N2 - We report an electrochemically driven transformation of amorphous TiO 2 nanotubes for Li-ion battery anodes into a face-centered-cubic crystalline phase that self-improves as the cycling proceeds. The intercalation/deintercalation processes of Li ions in the electrochemically grown TiO 2 nanotubes were studied by synchrotron X-ray diffraction and absorption spectroscopies along with advanced computational methods. These techniques confirm spontaneous development of a long-range order in amorphous TiO 2 in the presence of high concentration of Li ions (>75%). The adopted cubic structure shows long-term reversibility, enhanced power with capacity approaching the stochiometry of Li 2Ti 2O 4. The anode shows also superior stability over 600 cycles and exhibits high specific energy (∼200 W h kg electrode -1) delivered at a specific power of ∼30 kW kg electrode -1. The TiO 2 anode in a full Li-ion cell with a LiNi 0.5Mn 1.5O 4 cathode operates at 2.8 V and demonstrates the highest (∼310 mA h/g) reversible specific capacity reported to date. Our conceptually new approach fosters the ability of amorphous nanoscale electrodes to maximize their capacity in operando, opening a new avenue for synthesis of safe and durable high-power/high-capacity batteries.
AB - We report an electrochemically driven transformation of amorphous TiO 2 nanotubes for Li-ion battery anodes into a face-centered-cubic crystalline phase that self-improves as the cycling proceeds. The intercalation/deintercalation processes of Li ions in the electrochemically grown TiO 2 nanotubes were studied by synchrotron X-ray diffraction and absorption spectroscopies along with advanced computational methods. These techniques confirm spontaneous development of a long-range order in amorphous TiO 2 in the presence of high concentration of Li ions (>75%). The adopted cubic structure shows long-term reversibility, enhanced power with capacity approaching the stochiometry of Li 2Ti 2O 4. The anode shows also superior stability over 600 cycles and exhibits high specific energy (∼200 W h kg electrode -1) delivered at a specific power of ∼30 kW kg electrode -1. The TiO 2 anode in a full Li-ion cell with a LiNi 0.5Mn 1.5O 4 cathode operates at 2.8 V and demonstrates the highest (∼310 mA h/g) reversible specific capacity reported to date. Our conceptually new approach fosters the ability of amorphous nanoscale electrodes to maximize their capacity in operando, opening a new avenue for synthesis of safe and durable high-power/high-capacity batteries.
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U2 - 10.1021/jp210793u
DO - 10.1021/jp210793u
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84863393321
SN - 1932-7447
VL - 116
SP - 3181
EP - 3187
JO - Journal of Physical Chemistry C
JF - Journal of Physical Chemistry C
IS - 4
ER -