TY - JOUR
T1 - Resilience to Major Life Stressors Is Not as Common as Thought
AU - Infurna, Frank
AU - Luthar, Suniya
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors gratefully acknowledge support provided by the National Institutes of Health Grants R01AG048844 (to Frank J. Infurna) and R01DA014385 (to Suniya S. Luthar). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the funding agencies.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016, © The Author(s) 2016.
PY - 2016/3/1
Y1 - 2016/3/1
N2 - We attempted to replicate findings that “most people are resilient” following three events: spousal loss, divorce, and unemployment. We applied growth mixture models to the same longitudinal data set that has previously been used to assert that resilience is ubiquitous. When using identical model specifications, as in prior studies, we found that resilient trajectories were most common, but the number of trajectories identified was different. When we relaxed two assumptions used in prior studies—that (a) all classes have similar variability in levels of postadversity adjustment and (b) there is no variability in changes within classes—we found that a resilience class was least common. Methodologically, our results show how findings on trajectories of change following major life stressors can vary substantially, depending on statistical model specifications. Conceptually, the results underscore the errors inherent in any categorical statements about “rates of resilience” among individuals confronted with major life stressors. Pragmatically, they underscore the dangers in recommending against prophylactic interventions (on the basis of one method of analyzing longitudinal data) for individuals who have experienced major life stressors.
AB - We attempted to replicate findings that “most people are resilient” following three events: spousal loss, divorce, and unemployment. We applied growth mixture models to the same longitudinal data set that has previously been used to assert that resilience is ubiquitous. When using identical model specifications, as in prior studies, we found that resilient trajectories were most common, but the number of trajectories identified was different. When we relaxed two assumptions used in prior studies—that (a) all classes have similar variability in levels of postadversity adjustment and (b) there is no variability in changes within classes—we found that a resilience class was least common. Methodologically, our results show how findings on trajectories of change following major life stressors can vary substantially, depending on statistical model specifications. Conceptually, the results underscore the errors inherent in any categorical statements about “rates of resilience” among individuals confronted with major life stressors. Pragmatically, they underscore the dangers in recommending against prophylactic interventions (on the basis of one method of analyzing longitudinal data) for individuals who have experienced major life stressors.
KW - adulthood and old age
KW - growth mixture modeling
KW - life satisfaction
KW - rates of resilience
KW - replication
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U2 - 10.1177/1745691615621271
DO - 10.1177/1745691615621271
M3 - Article
C2 - 26993272
AN - SCOPUS:84962539123
SN - 1745-6916
VL - 11
SP - 175
EP - 194
JO - Perspectives on Psychological Science
JF - Perspectives on Psychological Science
IS - 2
ER -