TY - JOUR
T1 - Removal of adenovirus, calicivirus, and bacteriophages by conventional drinking water treatment
AU - Abbaszadegan, Morteza
AU - Monteiro, Patricia
AU - Nwachuku, Nena
AU - Alum, Absar
AU - Ryu, Hodon
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Office of Water, United States Environmental Protection Agency under contract 4C-W010-NAEX. The opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the EPA. The mention of product names does not constitute endorsement of the companies.
PY - 2008/1
Y1 - 2008/1
N2 - This study was conducted to evaluate the removal of adenovirus, feline calicivirus (FCV), and bacteriophages MS-2, fr, PRD-1, and Φ X-174 during conventional drinking water treatment using ferric chloride as a coagulant. Adenovirus and FCV were removed to a greater extent than PRD-1 and Φ X-174, indicating that these bacteriophages may be appropriate surrogates for both adenovirus and FCV. Of the four bacteriophages studied in the pilot plant, MS-2 was removed to the greatest extent (5.1 log), followed by fr (4.9 log), PRD-1 (3.5 log), and Φ X-174 (1.3 log). The virus removal trend in the pilot-scale testing was similar to the bench-scale testing; however, the bench-scale testing seemed to provide a conservative estimate of the pilot plant performance. In the pilot-scale testing, MS-2 and fr were removed with the greatest efficiency during filtration, whereas PRD-1 and Φ X-174 showed the greatest removal during sedimentation.
AB - This study was conducted to evaluate the removal of adenovirus, feline calicivirus (FCV), and bacteriophages MS-2, fr, PRD-1, and Φ X-174 during conventional drinking water treatment using ferric chloride as a coagulant. Adenovirus and FCV were removed to a greater extent than PRD-1 and Φ X-174, indicating that these bacteriophages may be appropriate surrogates for both adenovirus and FCV. Of the four bacteriophages studied in the pilot plant, MS-2 was removed to the greatest extent (5.1 log), followed by fr (4.9 log), PRD-1 (3.5 log), and Φ X-174 (1.3 log). The virus removal trend in the pilot-scale testing was similar to the bench-scale testing; however, the bench-scale testing seemed to provide a conservative estimate of the pilot plant performance. In the pilot-scale testing, MS-2 and fr were removed with the greatest efficiency during filtration, whereas PRD-1 and Φ X-174 showed the greatest removal during sedimentation.
KW - Adenovirus
KW - Calicivirus
KW - Conventional drinking water treatment
KW - MS-2
KW - PRD-1
KW - Pilot plant study
KW - fr
KW - ΦX-174
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=37849046197&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=37849046197&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/10934520701781541
DO - 10.1080/10934520701781541
M3 - Article
C2 - 18172809
AN - SCOPUS:37849046197
SN - 1093-4529
VL - 43
SP - 171
EP - 177
JO - Journal of Environmental Science and Health - Part A Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering
JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health - Part A Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering
IS - 2
ER -