Abstract
A new mathematical model for the transmission dynamics of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), which takes into account disease transmission by infected individuals in the quiescent state and an imperfect HSV-2 vaccine, is designed and qualitatively analysed. In the absence of vaccination, it is shown that the model has a globally asymptotically stable (GAS) disease-free equilibrium (DFE) point whenever an epidemiological threshold, known as the 'basic reproduction number', is less than unity. Further, this model has a unique endemic equilibrium whenever the reproduction number exceeds unity. Using a non-linear Lyapunov function, it is shown that the unique endemic equilibrium is GAS (for a special case) when the associated reproduction threshold is greater than unity. On the other hand, the model with vaccination undergoes a vaccine-induced backward bifurcation, where the stable DFE coexists with a stable endemic equilibrium when the reproduction threshold is less than unity. Threshold analysis of the vaccination model reveals that the use of an imperfect HSV-2 vaccine could have positive or negative population-level impact (in reducing disease burden). Simulations of the vaccination model show that an HSV-2 vaccine could lead to effective disease control or elimination if the vaccine efficacy and the fraction of susceptible individuals vaccinated at steady state are high enough (at least 80% each).
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 75-107 |
Number of pages | 33 |
Journal | IMA Journal of Applied Mathematics (Institute of Mathematics and Its Applications) |
Volume | 75 |
Issue number | 1 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Feb 1 2010 |
Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- backward bifurcation
- equilibria
- herpes simplex virus type 2
- reproduction number
- stability
- vaccine
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Applied Mathematics