Abstract
Participants (230 White college students) completed the Psychosocial Costs of Racism to Whites (PCRW) Scale. Using cluster analysis, we identified 5 distinct cluster groups on the basis of PCRW subscale scores: the unempathic and unaware cluster contained the lowest empathy scores; the insensitive and afraid cluster consisted of low empathy and guilt scores, with the highest score on fear; the fearful guilt cluster exhibited elevations on guilt and fear; the empathic but unaccountable cluster reflected high empathy with low guilt and fear; and the informed empathy and guilt cluster represented those high on empathy and guilt in conjunction with low levels of fear. Groups were validated on an additional sample (n = 366) and were found to differ significantly on theoretically related measures.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 434-441 |
Number of pages | 8 |
Journal | Journal of counseling psychology |
Volume | 53 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Oct 1 2006 |
Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Cluster analysis
- Costs of racism to Whites
- White guilt
- White racial attitudes
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Social Psychology
- Clinical Psychology
- Psychiatry and Mental health