TY - JOUR
T1 - Predicting Motor Sequence Learning in People with Parkinson Disease
AU - Olivier, Geneviève N.
AU - Paul, Serene S.
AU - Lohse, Keith R.
AU - Walter, Christopher S.
AU - Schaefer, Sydney
AU - Dibble, Leland E.
N1 - Funding Information:
Physical Therapy and Athletic Training (G.N.O., S.S.P., K.R.L., C.S.W., S.Y.S., L.E.D.), Health, Kinesiology, and Recreation (K.R.L., L.E.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Faculty of Health Sciences, the University of Sydney, Australia (S.S.P.); Physical Therapy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Fayetteville (C.S.W.); and Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Phoenix (S.Y.S.). This work was supported in part by an American Parkinson Disease Associ-ation Postdoctoral Fellowship Grant (Dr Paul) and the University of Utah Office of Research (Dr Dibble). Work included in this article was presented orally at the 2018 international conference of NASPSPA (North American Society for the Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity). The authors declare no conflict of interest. Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citation appears in the printed text and is provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal’s Web site (www.jnpt.org). Correspondence: Geneviève N. Olivier, PT, DPT, Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, 520 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 (G.Olivier@utah.edu). Copyright ©C 2019 Academy of Neurologic Physical Therapy, APTA. ISSN: 1557-0576/19/4301-0033 DOI: 10.1097/NPT.0000000000000251
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Academy of Neurologic Physical Therapy, APTA.
PY - 2019/1/1
Y1 - 2019/1/1
N2 - Background and Purpose: Skill acquisition (ie, performance changes during practice) occurs in a nonlinear fashion. Despite this, motor learning is typically measured by comparing discrete timepoints. Thus, typical measures of motor learning do not detect skill acquisition characteristics that may be clinically meaningful. Reliable prediction of motor skill learning in people with Parkinson disease (PD) would allow therapists to more effectively individualize practice doses to fit specific patients' needs. The purposes of this study were to (a) characterize postural skill acquisition in people with PD, and identify factors (such as acquisition rate and practice dose to plateau) that predict learning, and (b) investigate whether levodopa medication (l-dopa) status during practice impacted learning. Methods: Twenty-seven adults with PD practiced a postural motor task over 3 days, followed by 2 retention tests. Participants were randomized to practice either ON or OFF l-dopa. Data for repeating and random sequences were each analyzed using nonlinear curve-fitting and mixed-effects regressions. Learning was defined as pretest minus retention test performance. Results: Participants with less physical impairment demonstrated less learning on the repeating and random sequence tasks compared with participants with more impairment. Participants who improved faster during practice demonstrated less learning on the repeating sequence task compared with participants who improved more slowly. Reaching plateau during practice was not related to learning. l-dopa did not impair learning. Discussion and Conclusions: Participants' skill acquisition characteristics were related to learning a postural motor task. Patient-specific factors, such as the rate of skill acquisition, level of physical function, and medication status, may influence how postural motor practice is delivered during balance rehabilitation. Video Abstract available for more insights from the authors (see the Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, available at: http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A250).
AB - Background and Purpose: Skill acquisition (ie, performance changes during practice) occurs in a nonlinear fashion. Despite this, motor learning is typically measured by comparing discrete timepoints. Thus, typical measures of motor learning do not detect skill acquisition characteristics that may be clinically meaningful. Reliable prediction of motor skill learning in people with Parkinson disease (PD) would allow therapists to more effectively individualize practice doses to fit specific patients' needs. The purposes of this study were to (a) characterize postural skill acquisition in people with PD, and identify factors (such as acquisition rate and practice dose to plateau) that predict learning, and (b) investigate whether levodopa medication (l-dopa) status during practice impacted learning. Methods: Twenty-seven adults with PD practiced a postural motor task over 3 days, followed by 2 retention tests. Participants were randomized to practice either ON or OFF l-dopa. Data for repeating and random sequences were each analyzed using nonlinear curve-fitting and mixed-effects regressions. Learning was defined as pretest minus retention test performance. Results: Participants with less physical impairment demonstrated less learning on the repeating and random sequence tasks compared with participants with more impairment. Participants who improved faster during practice demonstrated less learning on the repeating sequence task compared with participants who improved more slowly. Reaching plateau during practice was not related to learning. l-dopa did not impair learning. Discussion and Conclusions: Participants' skill acquisition characteristics were related to learning a postural motor task. Patient-specific factors, such as the rate of skill acquisition, level of physical function, and medication status, may influence how postural motor practice is delivered during balance rehabilitation. Video Abstract available for more insights from the authors (see the Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, available at: http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A250).
KW - human movement system
KW - mixed-effects regression
KW - motor learning
KW - nonlinear modeling
KW - skill acquisition
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85058612375&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - 10.1097/NPT.0000000000000251
DO - 10.1097/NPT.0000000000000251
M3 - Article
C2 - 30531384
AN - SCOPUS:85058612375
SN - 1557-0576
VL - 43
SP - 33
EP - 41
JO - Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy
JF - Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy
IS - 1
ER -