Policing race: The racial stratification of searches in police traffic stops

Jeff Rojek, Richard Rosenfeld, Scott Decker

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

110 Scopus citations

Abstract

Research on race effects in police traffic stops is theoretically underdeveloped. In this study, we derive propositions from Donald Black's theory of law to explain the interaction effects of officer and driver race on searches in traffic stops in St. Louis, Missouri. Our citywide results and those for stops in predominantly White communities are generally consistent with the theory: Searches are more likely in stops of Black drivers than in those of White drivers, especially by White officers, controlling for other characteristics of the officer, driver, and stop. In predominantly Black communities, however, stops of White drivers by White officers are most likely to result in a search. We interpret both sets of results as manifestations of racial profiling in segregated communities and suggest that Black's theory of law remains a promising theoretical framework for future research on the continuing significance of race-based policing in the United States.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)993-1024
Number of pages32
JournalCriminology
Volume50
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 2012

Keywords

  • Policing
  • Race
  • Racial stratification
  • Searches
  • Traffic stops

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Pathology and Forensic Medicine
  • Law

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