TY - GEN
T1 - PaperPhone
T2 - Understanding the use of bend gestures in mobile devices with flexible electronic paper displays
AU - Lahey, Byron
AU - Girouard, Audrey
AU - Burleson, Winslow
AU - Vertegaal, Roel
PY - 2011
Y1 - 2011
N2 - Flexible displays potentially allow for interaction styles that resemble those used in paper documents. Bending the display, e.g., to page forward, shows particular promise as an interaction technique. In this paper, we present an evaluation of the effectiveness of various bend gestures in executing a set of tasks with a flexible display. We discuss a study in which users designed bend gestures for common computing actions deployed on a smartphone-inspired flexible E Ink prototype called PaperPhone. We collected a total of 87 bend gesture pairs from ten participants and their appropriateness over twenty actions in five applications. We identified six most frequently used bend gesture pairs out of 24 unique pairs. Results show users preferred bend gestures and bend gesture pairs that were conceptually simpler, e.g., along one axis, and less physically demanding. There was a strong agreement among participants to use the same three pairs in applications: (1) side of display, up/down (2) top corner, up/down (3) bottom corner, up/down. For actions with a strong directional cue, we found strong consensus on the polarity of the bend gestures (e.g., navigating left is performed with an upwards bend gesture, navigating right, downwards). This implies that bend gestures that take directional cues into account are likely more natural to users.
AB - Flexible displays potentially allow for interaction styles that resemble those used in paper documents. Bending the display, e.g., to page forward, shows particular promise as an interaction technique. In this paper, we present an evaluation of the effectiveness of various bend gestures in executing a set of tasks with a flexible display. We discuss a study in which users designed bend gestures for common computing actions deployed on a smartphone-inspired flexible E Ink prototype called PaperPhone. We collected a total of 87 bend gesture pairs from ten participants and their appropriateness over twenty actions in five applications. We identified six most frequently used bend gesture pairs out of 24 unique pairs. Results show users preferred bend gestures and bend gesture pairs that were conceptually simpler, e.g., along one axis, and less physically demanding. There was a strong agreement among participants to use the same three pairs in applications: (1) side of display, up/down (2) top corner, up/down (3) bottom corner, up/down. For actions with a strong directional cue, we found strong consensus on the polarity of the bend gestures (e.g., navigating left is performed with an upwards bend gesture, navigating right, downwards). This implies that bend gestures that take directional cues into account are likely more natural to users.
KW - Bend gestures
KW - E ink
KW - Flexible displays
KW - Organic user interfaces
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=79958179939&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=79958179939&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1145/1978942.1979136
DO - 10.1145/1978942.1979136
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:79958179939
SN - 9781450302289
T3 - Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - Proceedings
SP - 1303
EP - 1312
BT - CHI 2011 - 29th Annual CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Conference Proceedings and Extended Abstracts
PB - Association for Computing Machinery
ER -