One-dimensional nanostructured electrodes for high capacity lithium-ion battery electrodes

Nanomaterials have several characteristics that are advantageous for applications in lithium-ion battery electrodes. The short lithium-ion insertion distances, large interfacial contact area with the electrolyte, good electron transport pathways, and facile phase transformations and volume changes can lead to higher charge storage capacities, improved rate capabilities, and better long-term cycling in batteries. Here the advantages and challenges of using nanomaterials are reviewed. As examples, vanadium oxide nanoribbons and silicon nanowire-based electrode materials are described in detail.