TY - JOUR
T1 - Octanol-water distribution of engineered nanomaterials
AU - Hristovski, Kiril
AU - Westerhoff, Paul
AU - Posner, Jonathan D.
N1 - Funding Information:
Financial support was provided by the United States Department of Energy under Award No. DE-FG02-08ER64613 with Daniel Drell as program manager as well as the Semiconductor Research Corporation and Engineering Research Center for Environmentally Benign Semiconductor Manufacturing.
PY - 2011
Y1 - 2011
N2 - The goal of this study was to examine the effects of pH and ionic strength on octanol-water distribution of five model engineered nanomaterials. Distribution experiments resulted in a spectrum of three broadly classified scenarios: distribution in the aqueous phase, distribution in the octanol, and distribution into the octanol-water interface. Two distribution coefficients were derived to describe the distribution of nanoparticles among octanol, water and their interface. The results show that particle surface charge, surface functionalization, and composition, as well as the solvent ionic strength and presence of natural organic matter, dramatically impact this distribution. Distributions of nanoparticles into the interface were significant for nanomaterials that exhibit low surface charge in natural pH ranges. Increased ionic strengths also contributed to increased distributions of nanoparticle into the interface. Similarly to the octanol-water distribution coefficients, which represent a starting point in predicting the environmental fate, bioavailability and transport of organic pollutants, distribution coefficients such as the ones described in this study could help to easily predict the fate, bioavailability, and transport of engineered nanomaterials in the environment.
AB - The goal of this study was to examine the effects of pH and ionic strength on octanol-water distribution of five model engineered nanomaterials. Distribution experiments resulted in a spectrum of three broadly classified scenarios: distribution in the aqueous phase, distribution in the octanol, and distribution into the octanol-water interface. Two distribution coefficients were derived to describe the distribution of nanoparticles among octanol, water and their interface. The results show that particle surface charge, surface functionalization, and composition, as well as the solvent ionic strength and presence of natural organic matter, dramatically impact this distribution. Distributions of nanoparticles into the interface were significant for nanomaterials that exhibit low surface charge in natural pH ranges. Increased ionic strengths also contributed to increased distributions of nanoparticle into the interface. Similarly to the octanol-water distribution coefficients, which represent a starting point in predicting the environmental fate, bioavailability and transport of organic pollutants, distribution coefficients such as the ones described in this study could help to easily predict the fate, bioavailability, and transport of engineered nanomaterials in the environment.
KW - Distribution
KW - Nanoparticles
KW - Octanol
KW - Water
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=79955983883&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - 10.1080/10934529.2011.562859
DO - 10.1080/10934529.2011.562859
M3 - Article
C2 - 21547819
AN - SCOPUS:79955983883
SN - 1093-4529
VL - 46
SP - 636
EP - 647
JO - Journal of Environmental Science and Health - Part A Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering
JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health - Part A Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering
IS - 6
ER -