@article{14d63c04fdb743559351d6a1cda306ce,
title = "Nuclear translocation of vitellogenin in the honey bee (Apis mellifera)",
abstract = "Vitellogenin (Vg) is a conserved protein used by nearly all oviparous animals to produce eggs. It is also pleiotropic and performs functions in oxidative stress resistance, immunity, and, in honey bees, behavioral development of the worker caste. It has remained enigmatic how Vg affects multiple traits. Here, we asked whether Vg enters the nucleus and acts via DNA-binding. We used cell fractionation, immunohistology, and cell culture to show that a structural subunit of honey bee Vg translocates into cell nuclei. We then demonstrated Vg-DNA binding theoretically and empirically with prediction software and chromatin immunoprecipitation with sequencing (ChIP-seq), finding binding sites at genes influencing immunity and behavior. Finally, we investigated the immunological and enzymatic conditions affecting Vg cleavage and nuclear translocation and constructed a 3D structural model. Our data are the first to show Vg in the nucleus and suggest a new fundamental regulatory role for this ubiquitous protein.",
keywords = "DNA binding, Vitellogenin, nuclear protein",
author = "Heli Salmela and Harwood, {Gyan P.} and Daniel M{\"u}nch and Elsik, {Christine G.} and El{\'i}as Herrero-Gal{\'a}n and Vartiainen, {Maria K.} and Amdam, {Gro V.}",
note = "Funding Information: MSc Taina Stark assisted with the in vivo assay. The inhibitors were kind courtesy of Professor Matthew Bogyo at Stanford University, USA. We thank Professor Bogyo and his lab members, as well as Prof. Guy Salvesen (Sanford-Burnham, USA) and Professor Christopher Overall (University of British Columbia, Canada), for the advice and innovative discussions. We thank Claus Kreibich (Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway), Nicholas Boss (Arizona State University, USA), Osman Kaftanoglu, (Arizona State University, USA), Cahit Ozturk (Arizona State University, USA), Eero H{\"a}nninen, Finnish Beekeepers{\textquoteright} Association, and Stadin Tarhaajat association for assisting with the live honey bee samples. Thanks to Professor Michelle Krogsgaard (New York University, USA) for the help and advice with insect cell culturing and Dr. Dimitri Stucki for assistance with the statistical test. We also thank Dr. Hua Bai (Iowa State University, USA) and Marc Tatar (Brown University, USA) for insight and training on chromatin immuno-precipitation, as well as Dr. Jason Steele, Dr. Shanshan Yang, and the DNASU Next Generation Sequencing Core (Arizona State University, USA) for sequencing and initial bioinformatics. Funding Information: HS was supported by Academy of Finland (#265971). GH was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (#376088068), and the School of Life Sciences Research Training Initiative at Arizona State University (#LM5 1079_GH). GA was supported by the Research Council of Norway (#262137). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022, The Author(s).",
year = "2022",
month = mar,
doi = "10.1007/s13592-022-00914-9",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "53",
journal = "Apidologie",
issn = "0044-8435",
publisher = "Springer Science + Business Media",
number = "1",
}