TY - JOUR
T1 - Mutualism in ecosystems of innovation and entrepreneurship
T2 - A bidirectional perspective on universities’ linkages
AU - Schaeffer, Paola Rücker
AU - Guerrero, Maribel
AU - Fischer, Bruno Brandão
N1 - Funding Information:
The research centers are examples of academic initiatives geared towards connecting the university to innovation and entrepreneurship eco-systems. Focused on teaching and research activities, the centers also play an essential role in innovation diffusion. Among the centers interviewed, some had connections with the productive sector from their inception, while others started to collaborate with companies due to the need to transfer the developed technologies. Collaborations with companies, both national and multinational, are focused on joint research projects, but teaching activities focused on firms’ needs, and technological services are also frequent. It is noteworthy that the research centers are partially funded by resources from the industry, which highlights the importance of these resources for maintaining grants, scholarships, equipment, inputs, and infrastructure. Research groups also use project and service resources to fund student activities and maintain research labs. One interviewee provides insight into the linkages between science and innovation:
Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge funding from the S?o Paulo Research Foundation (Fapesp Grant #2016/17801-4). Bruno Fischer's contribution to this article is based on the study funded by the Basic Research Program of the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE) and by the Russian Academic Excellence Project ?5-100?. Paola Schaeffer's contribution to this article is based on the study financed in part by the Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior ? Brasil (CAPES) ? Finance Code 001. The authors thank Espa?o da Escrita ? Pr?-Reitoria de Pesquisa - UNICAMP - for the language services provided.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2021/9
Y1 - 2021/9
N2 - The accumulation of knowledge that explains universities’ contributions to innovation and entrepreneurship's regional eco-systems has mainly adopted a perspective based on technology transfer processes from academia to markets. Alternatively, in this study, we assume the notion of mutualism, based on the biomimetic rationale of eco-system studies that involve bidirectional flows of resources and capabilities to generate interactions and value co-creation among agents. This study theorizes about the interrelation between universities and eco-system actors in two directions: (a) universities fostering and improving eco-systems through their core activities; and (b) eco-system actors shaping capabilities and access to resources for universities. Based on the analysis of five eco-systems in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, our results underscore the existence of mutualism in the relationships established between universities and eco-system agents. The findings also highlighted implications related to the coordination of policies and the need for strategic management practices in mutualistic interactions.
AB - The accumulation of knowledge that explains universities’ contributions to innovation and entrepreneurship's regional eco-systems has mainly adopted a perspective based on technology transfer processes from academia to markets. Alternatively, in this study, we assume the notion of mutualism, based on the biomimetic rationale of eco-system studies that involve bidirectional flows of resources and capabilities to generate interactions and value co-creation among agents. This study theorizes about the interrelation between universities and eco-system actors in two directions: (a) universities fostering and improving eco-systems through their core activities; and (b) eco-system actors shaping capabilities and access to resources for universities. Based on the analysis of five eco-systems in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, our results underscore the existence of mutualism in the relationships established between universities and eco-system agents. The findings also highlighted implications related to the coordination of policies and the need for strategic management practices in mutualistic interactions.
KW - Bidirectional relationships
KW - Emerging Countries
KW - Entrepreneurial Universities
KW - Entrepreneurship Ecosystems
KW - Innovation Ecosystems
KW - University-Industry Collaboration
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.05.039
DO - 10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.05.039
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85107043080
SN - 0148-2963
VL - 134
SP - 184
EP - 197
JO - Journal of Business Research
JF - Journal of Business Research
ER -