TY - JOUR
T1 - Modulating short wavelength fluorescence with long wavelength light
AU - Copley, Graeme
AU - Gillmore, Jason G.
AU - Crisman, Jeffrey
AU - Kodis, Gerdenis
AU - Gray, Christopher L.
AU - Cherry, Brian
AU - Sherman, Benjamin D.
AU - Liddell, Paul A.
AU - Paquette, Michelle M.
AU - Kelbauskas, Laimonas
AU - Frank, Natia L.
AU - Moore, Ana
AU - Moore, Thomas
AU - Gust, Devens
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2014/8/27
Y1 - 2014/8/27
N2 - Two molecules in which the intensity of shorter-wavelength fluorescence from a strong fluorophore is modulated by longer-wavelength irradiation of an attached merocyanine-spirooxazine reverse photochromic moiety have been synthesized and studied. This unusual fluorescence behavior is the result of quenching of fluorophore fluorescence by the thermally stable, open, zwitterionic form of the spirooxazine, whereas the photogenerated closed, spirocyclic form has no effect on the fluorophore excited state. The population ratio of the closed and open forms of the spirooxazine is controlled by the intensity of the longer-wavelength modulated light. Both square wave and sine wave modulation were investigated. Because the merocyanine-spirooxazine is an unusual reverse photochrome with a thermally stable long-wavelength absorbing form and a short-wavelength absorbing photogenerated isomer with a very short lifetime, this phenomenon does not require irradiation of the molecules with potentially damaging ultraviolet light, and rapid modulation of fluorescence is possible. Molecules demonstrating these properties may be useful in fluorescent probes, as their use can discriminate between probe fluorescence and various types of adventitious "autofluorescence" from other molecules in the system being studied.
AB - Two molecules in which the intensity of shorter-wavelength fluorescence from a strong fluorophore is modulated by longer-wavelength irradiation of an attached merocyanine-spirooxazine reverse photochromic moiety have been synthesized and studied. This unusual fluorescence behavior is the result of quenching of fluorophore fluorescence by the thermally stable, open, zwitterionic form of the spirooxazine, whereas the photogenerated closed, spirocyclic form has no effect on the fluorophore excited state. The population ratio of the closed and open forms of the spirooxazine is controlled by the intensity of the longer-wavelength modulated light. Both square wave and sine wave modulation were investigated. Because the merocyanine-spirooxazine is an unusual reverse photochrome with a thermally stable long-wavelength absorbing form and a short-wavelength absorbing photogenerated isomer with a very short lifetime, this phenomenon does not require irradiation of the molecules with potentially damaging ultraviolet light, and rapid modulation of fluorescence is possible. Molecules demonstrating these properties may be useful in fluorescent probes, as their use can discriminate between probe fluorescence and various types of adventitious "autofluorescence" from other molecules in the system being studied.
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U2 - 10.1021/ja504879p
DO - 10.1021/ja504879p
M3 - Article
C2 - 25072525
AN - SCOPUS:84906748629
SN - 0002-7863
VL - 136
SP - 11994
EP - 12003
JO - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF - Journal of the American Chemical Society
IS - 34
ER -