TY - JOUR
T1 - Modeling, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Potential Retinoid X Receptor (RXR)-Selective Agonists
T2 - Analogues of 4-[1-(3,5,5,8,8-Pentamethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-naphthyl)ethynyl]benzoic Acid (Bexarotene) and 6-(Ethyl(5,5,8,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)amino)nicotinic Acid (NEt-TMN)
AU - Heck, Michael C.
AU - Wagner, Carl
AU - Shahani, Pritika H.
AU - Macneill, Mairi
AU - Grozic, Aleksandra
AU - Darwaiz, Tamana
AU - Shimabuku, Micah
AU - Deans, David G.
AU - Robinson, Nathan M.
AU - Salama, Samer H.
AU - Ziller, Joseph W.
AU - Ma, Ning
AU - Van Der Vaart, Arjan
AU - Marshall, Pamela
AU - Jurutka, Peter
PY - 2016/10/13
Y1 - 2016/10/13
N2 - Sulfonic acid analogues of 4-[1-(3,5,5,8,8-pentamethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-naphthyl)ethynyl]benzoic acid (bexarotene, 1) as well as seven novel and two reported analogues of 6-(ethyl(5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)amino)nicotinic acid (NEt-TMN) were synthesized and assessed for selective retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonism. Compound 1 is FDA-approved for treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL); however, 1 can provoke side effects by impacting RXR-dependent receptor pathways. All of the analogues in this study were evaluated for their potential to bind RXR through modeling and then assayed in an RXR-RXR mammalian-2-hybrid (M2H) system and in RXR-responsive element (RXRE)-mediated transcriptional experiments. The EC50 profiles for these unique analogues and their analogous effectiveness to inhibit proliferation in CTCL cells relative to 1 suggest that these compounds possess similar or even enhanced therapeutic potential. Several compounds also displayed more selective RXR activation with minimal cross-signaling of the retinoic acid receptor. These results suggest that modifications of potent RXR agonists such as NEt-TMN can lead to improved biological selectivity and potency compared with the known therapeutic.
AB - Sulfonic acid analogues of 4-[1-(3,5,5,8,8-pentamethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-naphthyl)ethynyl]benzoic acid (bexarotene, 1) as well as seven novel and two reported analogues of 6-(ethyl(5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)amino)nicotinic acid (NEt-TMN) were synthesized and assessed for selective retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonism. Compound 1 is FDA-approved for treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL); however, 1 can provoke side effects by impacting RXR-dependent receptor pathways. All of the analogues in this study were evaluated for their potential to bind RXR through modeling and then assayed in an RXR-RXR mammalian-2-hybrid (M2H) system and in RXR-responsive element (RXRE)-mediated transcriptional experiments. The EC50 profiles for these unique analogues and their analogous effectiveness to inhibit proliferation in CTCL cells relative to 1 suggest that these compounds possess similar or even enhanced therapeutic potential. Several compounds also displayed more selective RXR activation with minimal cross-signaling of the retinoic acid receptor. These results suggest that modifications of potent RXR agonists such as NEt-TMN can lead to improved biological selectivity and potency compared with the known therapeutic.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84991352077&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84991352077&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00812
DO - 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00812
M3 - Article
C2 - 27592633
AN - SCOPUS:84991352077
VL - 59
SP - 8924
EP - 8940
JO - Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
JF - Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
SN - 0022-2623
IS - 19
ER -