TY - JOUR
T1 - Methamphetamine Use and Its Correlates among Individuals with Opioid Use Disorder in a Midwestern U.S. City
AU - Daniulaityte, Raminta
AU - Silverstein, Sydney M.
AU - Crawford, Timothy N.
AU - Martins, Silvia S.
AU - Zule, William
AU - Zaragoza, Angela J.
AU - Carlson, Robert G.
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Grants: 5 R01 DA040811-03 (Daniulaityte, PI) and 1 R21 DA049304-01 (Daniulaityte, PI). The funding source had no further role in the study design, in the collection, analysis and interpretation of the data, in the writing of the report, or in the decision to submit the paper for publication.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, © 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
PY - 2020/8/3
Y1 - 2020/8/3
N2 - Background: U.S. is experiencing a surging trend of methamphetamine use among individuals who use opioids. More research is needed to characterize this emerging “twin epidemic.” Objectives: The study aims to identify social and behavioral characteristics associated with methamphetamine use among individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) in the Dayton, Ohio, area, an epicenter of the opioid crisis and an emerging frontier of methamphetamine epidemic. Methods: 357 adult individuals with current OUD were recruited using targeted and respondent-driven sampling. Structured interviews collected information on social and drug use characteristics. Multivariable Logistic Regression was used to identify characteristics associated with the past 6-month use of methamphetamine. Results: 49.7% were female, and 88.8% were non-Hispanic whites. 55.6% used methamphetamine in the past 6-months, and 84.9% reported first use of methamphetamine after initiation of illicit opioids. Methamphetamine use was associated with homelessness (aOR = 2.46, p =.0001), lifetime history of diverted pharmaceutical stimulant use (aOR = 2.97, p <.001), injection route of heroin/fentanyl use (aOR = 1.89, p =.03), preference for fentanyl over heroin (aOR = 1.82, p =.048), lifetime history of extended-release injectable naltrexone (Vivitrol)-based treatment (aOR = 2.89, p =.003), and more frequent marijuana use (aOR = 1.26, p =.04). Discussion: The findings point to the complexity of motivational and behavioral pathways associated with methamphetamine and opioid co-use, ranging from self-treatment and substitution behaviors, attempts to endure homelessness, and greater risk taking to experience euphoria. More research is needed to understand the causal relationships and the association between methamphetamine and Vivitrol use. Public health responses to the opioid crisis need to be urgently expanded to address the growing epidemic of methamphetamine use.
AB - Background: U.S. is experiencing a surging trend of methamphetamine use among individuals who use opioids. More research is needed to characterize this emerging “twin epidemic.” Objectives: The study aims to identify social and behavioral characteristics associated with methamphetamine use among individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) in the Dayton, Ohio, area, an epicenter of the opioid crisis and an emerging frontier of methamphetamine epidemic. Methods: 357 adult individuals with current OUD were recruited using targeted and respondent-driven sampling. Structured interviews collected information on social and drug use characteristics. Multivariable Logistic Regression was used to identify characteristics associated with the past 6-month use of methamphetamine. Results: 49.7% were female, and 88.8% were non-Hispanic whites. 55.6% used methamphetamine in the past 6-months, and 84.9% reported first use of methamphetamine after initiation of illicit opioids. Methamphetamine use was associated with homelessness (aOR = 2.46, p =.0001), lifetime history of diverted pharmaceutical stimulant use (aOR = 2.97, p <.001), injection route of heroin/fentanyl use (aOR = 1.89, p =.03), preference for fentanyl over heroin (aOR = 1.82, p =.048), lifetime history of extended-release injectable naltrexone (Vivitrol)-based treatment (aOR = 2.89, p =.003), and more frequent marijuana use (aOR = 1.26, p =.04). Discussion: The findings point to the complexity of motivational and behavioral pathways associated with methamphetamine and opioid co-use, ranging from self-treatment and substitution behaviors, attempts to endure homelessness, and greater risk taking to experience euphoria. More research is needed to understand the causal relationships and the association between methamphetamine and Vivitrol use. Public health responses to the opioid crisis need to be urgently expanded to address the growing epidemic of methamphetamine use.
KW - Methamphetamine
KW - buprenorphine
KW - fentanyl
KW - heroin
KW - opioid use disorder
KW - polydrug use
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U2 - 10.1080/10826084.2020.1765805
DO - 10.1080/10826084.2020.1765805
M3 - Article
C2 - 32441178
AN - SCOPUS:85085705260
SN - 1082-6084
VL - 55
SP - 1781
EP - 1789
JO - Substance Use and Misuse
JF - Substance Use and Misuse
IS - 11
ER -