TY - JOUR
T1 - Mesenchymal stem cells as carriers for systemic delivery of oncolytic viruses
AU - Hadryś, Agata
AU - Sochanik, Aleksander
AU - McFadden, Grant
AU - Jazowiecka-Rakus, Joanna
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by National Science Centre, Poland [grant No. 2016/22/M/NZ6/00418 ] and by International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Italy [grant No. CRP/POL16-02_EC ].
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Authors
PY - 2020/5/5
Y1 - 2020/5/5
N2 - Progress in genetic engineering led to the emergence of some viruses as potent anticancer therapeutics. These oncolytic viruses combine self-amplification with dual antitumor action: oncolytic (destruction of cancer cells) and immunostimulatory (eliciting acquired antitumor response against cancer epitopes). As any other viruses, they trigger antiviral response upon systemic administration. Mesenchymal stem cells are immature cells capable of self-renewing and differentiating into many cell types that belong to three germinal layers. Due to their inherent tumor tropism mesenchymal stem cells loaded with oncolytic virus can improve delivery of the therapeutic cargo to cancer sites. Shielding of oncolytic viral construct from antiviral host immune response makes these cells prospective delivery vehicles to even hard-to-reach metastatic neoplastic foci. Use of mesenchymal stem cells has been criticized by some investigators as limiting proliferative abilities of primary cells and increasing the risk of malignant transformation, as well as attenuating therapeutic responses. However, majority of preclinical studies indicate safety and efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells used as carriers of oncolytic viruses. In view of contradictory postulates, the debate continues. The review discusses mesenchymal stem cells as carriers for delivery of genetically engineered oncolytic constructs and focuses on systemic approach to oncoviral treatment of some deadly neoplasms.
AB - Progress in genetic engineering led to the emergence of some viruses as potent anticancer therapeutics. These oncolytic viruses combine self-amplification with dual antitumor action: oncolytic (destruction of cancer cells) and immunostimulatory (eliciting acquired antitumor response against cancer epitopes). As any other viruses, they trigger antiviral response upon systemic administration. Mesenchymal stem cells are immature cells capable of self-renewing and differentiating into many cell types that belong to three germinal layers. Due to their inherent tumor tropism mesenchymal stem cells loaded with oncolytic virus can improve delivery of the therapeutic cargo to cancer sites. Shielding of oncolytic viral construct from antiviral host immune response makes these cells prospective delivery vehicles to even hard-to-reach metastatic neoplastic foci. Use of mesenchymal stem cells has been criticized by some investigators as limiting proliferative abilities of primary cells and increasing the risk of malignant transformation, as well as attenuating therapeutic responses. However, majority of preclinical studies indicate safety and efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells used as carriers of oncolytic viruses. In view of contradictory postulates, the debate continues. The review discusses mesenchymal stem cells as carriers for delivery of genetically engineered oncolytic constructs and focuses on systemic approach to oncoviral treatment of some deadly neoplasms.
KW - Mesenchymal stem cells
KW - Oncolytic viruses
KW - Systemic virotherapy
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U2 - 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.172991
DO - 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.172991
M3 - Review article
C2 - 32044323
AN - SCOPUS:85079390971
SN - 0014-2999
VL - 874
JO - European Journal of Pharmacology
JF - European Journal of Pharmacology
M1 - 172991
ER -