Low temperature graphitization of interphase polyacrylonitrile (PAN)

Yiying Zhang; Navid Tajaddod; Kenan Song; Marilyn L. Minus

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2015.04.088

Low temperature graphitization of interphase polyacrylonitrile (PAN)

Yiying Zhang, Navid Tajaddod, Kenan Song, Marilyn L. Minus

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

64 Scopus citations

Abstract

Ordered polyacrylonitrile (PAN) interphase structures were formed in solution-cast PAN/carbon nanotube (CNT) composite films by enhancing polymer crystallization conditions and processing parameters for five types of CNTs. All film samples were heat-treated using similar stabilization and carbonization (up to 1100 °C) processes. Both the precursor and carbonized materials were characterized by electron microscopy and X-ray spectroscopy. Highly ordered graphitic structure was formed predominantly in the carbonized materials at 1100 °C (i.e., ∼1500 °C lower than the temperature used in a commercial graphitization process). The ordering of the graphite structure formed at 1100 °C was further improved by heat treatment up to 2100 °C. Multiple characterization results indicate that the early onset of PAN conversion to graphite is directly related to the polymer interphase formation as well as the CNT type. Based on the stabilization and carbonization parameters used in this study, PAN/single-wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) samples showed more prevalent graphite formation at 1100 °C. This work demonstrates the influence of CNT type regarding interfacial confinement toward this lowerature polymer-to-graphite conversion process.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	479-493
Number of pages	15
Journal	Carbon
Volume	91
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2015.04.088
State	Published - May 30 2015
Externally published	Yes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Chemistry(all)
Materials Science(all)

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title = "Low temperature graphitization of interphase polyacrylonitrile (PAN)",

abstract = "Ordered polyacrylonitrile (PAN) interphase structures were formed in solution-cast PAN/carbon nanotube (CNT) composite films by enhancing polymer crystallization conditions and processing parameters for five types of CNTs. All film samples were heat-treated using similar stabilization and carbonization (up to 1100 °C) processes. Both the precursor and carbonized materials were characterized by electron microscopy and X-ray spectroscopy. Highly ordered graphitic structure was formed predominantly in the carbonized materials at 1100 °C (i.e., ∼1500 °C lower than the temperature used in a commercial graphitization process). The ordering of the graphite structure formed at 1100 °C was further improved by heat treatment up to 2100 °C. Multiple characterization results indicate that the early onset of PAN conversion to graphite is directly related to the polymer interphase formation as well as the CNT type. Based on the stabilization and carbonization parameters used in this study, PAN/single-wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) samples showed more prevalent graphite formation at 1100 °C. This work demonstrates the influence of CNT type regarding interfacial confinement toward this lowerature polymer-to-graphite conversion process.",

author = "Yiying Zhang and Navid Tajaddod and Kenan Song and Minus, {Marilyn L.}",

note = "Funding Information: Funding support for this work is provided by DARPA and the Army Research Office (ARO) ( W911NF-13-1-0190 ), as well as the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) ( FA9550-11-1-0153 ). The authors would also like to thank Professor Philip Bradford at North Carolina State University for his assistance in performing high-temperature graphitization treatment for the PAN/CNT samples. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.",

year = "2015",

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doi = "10.1016/j.carbon.2015.04.088",

language = "English (US)",

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T1 - Low temperature graphitization of interphase polyacrylonitrile (PAN)

AU - Zhang, Yiying

AU - Tajaddod, Navid

AU - Song, Kenan

AU - Minus, Marilyn L.

N1 - Funding Information: Funding support for this work is provided by DARPA and the Army Research Office (ARO) ( W911NF-13-1-0190 ), as well as the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) ( FA9550-11-1-0153 ). The authors would also like to thank Professor Philip Bradford at North Carolina State University for his assistance in performing high-temperature graphitization treatment for the PAN/CNT samples. Publisher Copyright: © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

PY - 2015/5/30

Y1 - 2015/5/30

N2 - Ordered polyacrylonitrile (PAN) interphase structures were formed in solution-cast PAN/carbon nanotube (CNT) composite films by enhancing polymer crystallization conditions and processing parameters for five types of CNTs. All film samples were heat-treated using similar stabilization and carbonization (up to 1100 °C) processes. Both the precursor and carbonized materials were characterized by electron microscopy and X-ray spectroscopy. Highly ordered graphitic structure was formed predominantly in the carbonized materials at 1100 °C (i.e., ∼1500 °C lower than the temperature used in a commercial graphitization process). The ordering of the graphite structure formed at 1100 °C was further improved by heat treatment up to 2100 °C. Multiple characterization results indicate that the early onset of PAN conversion to graphite is directly related to the polymer interphase formation as well as the CNT type. Based on the stabilization and carbonization parameters used in this study, PAN/single-wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) samples showed more prevalent graphite formation at 1100 °C. This work demonstrates the influence of CNT type regarding interfacial confinement toward this lowerature polymer-to-graphite conversion process.

AB - Ordered polyacrylonitrile (PAN) interphase structures were formed in solution-cast PAN/carbon nanotube (CNT) composite films by enhancing polymer crystallization conditions and processing parameters for five types of CNTs. All film samples were heat-treated using similar stabilization and carbonization (up to 1100 °C) processes. Both the precursor and carbonized materials were characterized by electron microscopy and X-ray spectroscopy. Highly ordered graphitic structure was formed predominantly in the carbonized materials at 1100 °C (i.e., ∼1500 °C lower than the temperature used in a commercial graphitization process). The ordering of the graphite structure formed at 1100 °C was further improved by heat treatment up to 2100 °C. Multiple characterization results indicate that the early onset of PAN conversion to graphite is directly related to the polymer interphase formation as well as the CNT type. Based on the stabilization and carbonization parameters used in this study, PAN/single-wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) samples showed more prevalent graphite formation at 1100 °C. This work demonstrates the influence of CNT type regarding interfacial confinement toward this lowerature polymer-to-graphite conversion process.

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Low temperature graphitization of interphase polyacrylonitrile (PAN)

Abstract

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