Long-term study of Cryptosporidium and Giardia occurrence and quantitative microbial risk assessment in surface waters of Arizona in the USA

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

26 Scopus citations

Abstract

A four-year systematic study of microbial water quality in the surface waters of central Arizona was performed. The objectives of this study were to investigate the occurrence of microbial pathogens and indicators in the waters. A total of 192 water samples from five sites were analyzed for Cryptosporidium, Giardia, and various microbial and physical indicators. Ten percent (16/162) of the samples collected using EnviroChek filters were positive for Cryptosporidium oocysts, whereas no oocysts (< 1 in 5 L) were detected in the grab samples (0/30). Giardia cysts were detected in 10% (3/30) of the grab samples and in 27% (44/ 162) samples collected using EnviroChek filters. Mean concentrations of oocysts in the source waters at the treatment plants were lower than the Bin 1 category of the USEPA Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule; therefore no additional treatment is required by the plants. The annual risks of infection from Cryptosporidium met the annual acceptable risk of 10-4 at all sampling sites, whereas the risks of Giardia infection at the Verde River and the Salt River were 5.70E-04 and 2.66E-04, respectively.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)263-273
Number of pages11
JournalJournal of Water and Health
Volume6
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Jun 2008

Keywords

  • Cryptosporidium
  • Giardia
  • Microbial indicators
  • Risk assessment

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Water Science and Technology
  • Waste Management and Disposal
  • Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
  • Microbiology (medical)
  • Infectious Diseases

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Long-term study of Cryptosporidium and Giardia occurrence and quantitative microbial risk assessment in surface waters of Arizona in the USA'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this