@article{d4cffc9cf3cf4ab0bcbc07ae3f5ef932,
title = "Investigation of a Complex Nocturnal Flow in Owens Valley, California Using Coherent Doppler Lidar",
abstract = "A study of an interesting meteorological episode over the Owens Valley, California, USA during the Terrain-Induced Rotor EXperiment was conducted using a recently adapted statistical interpolation method to retrieve wind-velocity vectors from Doppler lidar data. This vector retrieval method has been adapted from radar data assimilation techniques. Results show that the method allows better preservation of local variations in the flow field than other techniques. In addition, a high resolution Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS {\textregistered}) run is used to understand the large-scale flow within the valley and compared with lidar retrievals. Observations from 1030 UTC to 1230 UTC (0230 local time to 0430 local time) on March 27, 2006 are presented. Lidar observations show complex and uncharacteristic flows such as sudden bursts of westerly cross-valley wind mixing with the dominant up-valley wind. Model results from COAMPS and other in-situ instrumentation are used to corroborate and complement these observations. The optimal interpolation technique for Doppler lidar data vector retrieval appears well suited for scenarios with complex spatial variations in the flow field.",
keywords = "Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS), Lidar, Mountain meteorology, Optimal interpolation, Owens Valley, Terrain-Induced Rotor Experiment (T-REX), Vector retrieval",
author = "Aditya Choukulkar and Ronald Calhoun and Brian Billings and James Doyle",
note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgments The first two authors recognize the support of NSF Grant 0522307 (Program Officer: Stephan P. Nelson) and the Army Research Office, awards W911NF0410146 and W911NF0710137 (Program Officer: Walter Bach), which made this work possible. The third and fourth authors acknowledge support through the Office of Naval Research{\textquoteright}s Program Element 0601153N. The authors are also grateful for the support of the Office of Naval Research Summer Faculty Research Program during summer of 2010, and for valuable comments from Allen Zhao and John Cook (NRL Monterey) and Q. Xu (University of Oklahoma). We would like to thank the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), the Deutsches Zentrum f{\"u}r Funding Information: Luft-und Raumfarht (DLR), and the Desert Research Institute (DRI) for allowing the use of their data that made this study possible. The AWS data were gathered as part of the T-REX. We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of the T-REX scientists, forecasters, staff, NCAR staff and flight crews. The primary sponsor of T-REX was the US National Science Foundation. The acquisition of these data was carried out by the Desert Research Institute (DRI) team (PI: Grubi{\v s}i{\'c}) funded in part by NSF Grants ATM-0242886 and ATM-0524891 to DRI. Computational resources were supported in part by a grant of HPC time from the Department of Defence Major Shared Resource Centres at Stennis, MS and Wright Patterson Air Force Base, OH. COAMPS is a registered trademark of the Naval Research Laboratory. The authors also appreciate the valuable inputs from the anonymous reviewers.",
year = "2012",
month = sep,
doi = "10.1007/s10546-012-9729-2",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "144",
pages = "359--378",
journal = "Boundary-Layer Meteorology",
issn = "0006-8314",
publisher = "Springer Netherlands",
number = "3",
}