Abstract
Research into the effects of sad mood on prosocial action is reviewed and is used as a vehicle for examining the transformation of altruism from a punishing to a gratifying event. A three-step model of the socialization of altruism as a reinforcer is proposed. The model argues for (a) an initial stage (presocialization) in which altruism occurs rarely among young children because of its punishing function, (b) a second stage (awareness of norms) in which altruism functions as a mechanism for the receipt of positive sanctions, and (c) a final stage (internalization) in which, by adulthood, altruism has acquired a gratifying function through its status as a conditioned reinforcer. Evidence for the functional equivalence of self-gratification and adult altruism is also presented.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 207-223 |
| Number of pages | 17 |
| Journal | Developmental Review |
| Volume | 1 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 1981 |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Developmental and Educational Psychology
- Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
- Education
Cite this
Insights from sadness : A three-step model of the development of altruism as hedonism. / Cialdini, Robert B.; Baumann, Donald J.; Kenrick, Douglas.
In: Developmental Review, Vol. 1, No. 3, 1981, p. 207-223.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Insights from sadness
T2 - A three-step model of the development of altruism as hedonism
AU - Cialdini, Robert B.
AU - Baumann, Donald J.
AU - Kenrick, Douglas
PY - 1981
Y1 - 1981
N2 - Research into the effects of sad mood on prosocial action is reviewed and is used as a vehicle for examining the transformation of altruism from a punishing to a gratifying event. A three-step model of the socialization of altruism as a reinforcer is proposed. The model argues for (a) an initial stage (presocialization) in which altruism occurs rarely among young children because of its punishing function, (b) a second stage (awareness of norms) in which altruism functions as a mechanism for the receipt of positive sanctions, and (c) a final stage (internalization) in which, by adulthood, altruism has acquired a gratifying function through its status as a conditioned reinforcer. Evidence for the functional equivalence of self-gratification and adult altruism is also presented.
AB - Research into the effects of sad mood on prosocial action is reviewed and is used as a vehicle for examining the transformation of altruism from a punishing to a gratifying event. A three-step model of the socialization of altruism as a reinforcer is proposed. The model argues for (a) an initial stage (presocialization) in which altruism occurs rarely among young children because of its punishing function, (b) a second stage (awareness of norms) in which altruism functions as a mechanism for the receipt of positive sanctions, and (c) a final stage (internalization) in which, by adulthood, altruism has acquired a gratifying function through its status as a conditioned reinforcer. Evidence for the functional equivalence of self-gratification and adult altruism is also presented.
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U2 - 10.1016/0273-2297(81)90018-6
DO - 10.1016/0273-2297(81)90018-6
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:0001703239
VL - 1
SP - 207
EP - 223
JO - Developmental Review
JF - Developmental Review
SN - 0273-2297
IS - 3
ER -