Impact of link deletions on public cooperation in scale-free networks

Working together in groups may be beneficial if compared to isolated efforts. Yet this is true only if all group members contribute to the success. If not, group efforts may act detrimentally on the fitness of their members. Here we study the evolution of cooperation in public-goods games on scale-free networks that are subject to deletion of links connected to the highest-degree individuals, i.e., on network that are under attack. We focus on the case where all groups a player belongs to are considered for the determination of payoffs; the so-called multi-group public-goods games. We find that the effect of link deletions on the evolution of cooperation is predominantly detrimental, although there exist regions of the multiplication factor where the existence of an "optimal" number of removed links for the deterioration of cooperation can also be demonstrated. The findings are explained by means of wealth distributions and analytical approximations, confirming that socially diverse states are crucial for the successful evolution of cooperation.