TY - JOUR
T1 - Identification of circular single-stranded DNA viruses in faecal samples of Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis), moose (Alces alces) and snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus) inhabiting the Colorado San Juan Mountains
AU - Kraberger, Simona
AU - Waits, Kara
AU - Ivan, Jake
AU - Newkirk, Eric
AU - VandeWoude, Sue
AU - Varsani, Arvind
N1 - Funding Information:
Simona Kraberger was supported by the NSF-EID award 1413925 during the collection of these samples. Funding for the fieldwork that supplied these samples was provided by the USDA Forest Service Rio Grande National Forest , USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station , Montana State University , and Colorado Parks and Wildlife . We thank Doug Clark and Jeff Dacey for their field effort that resulted in the samples analysed here. The molecular work was supported by funds from The Biodesign Institute and School of Life Sciences at the Arizona State University awarded to Arvind Varsani.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2018/10
Y1 - 2018/10
N2 - The San Juan Mountains of southern Colorado provide subalpine habitat for a suite of mammalian species including Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis), moose (Alces alces) and snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus). In the winter field season of 2016 five faecal samples from lynx, and one each from moose and snowshoe hare were collected to identify small single-stranded DNA viruses associated with these three prominent species. Thirty-two novel viruses were identified and classified as members of two well established ssDNA families Genomoviridae (n = 22) and Microviridae (n = 10) and one recently proposed new family, Smacoviridae (n = 1). In addition one highly novel circular ssDNA virus was identified which at present does not group with any known family. A high level of genomovirus diversity was identified from faeces collected between and across the three mammal species, with full genome-wide pairwise comparisons showing 57%–97% identity. Twenty genomoviruses can be assigned to the genus Gemycircularvirus and represent 11 species, and two into a distinct species in the genus Gemykolovirus. The single smacovirus identified from moose also represents a distinct smacovirus species. Ten microviruses, seven from moose, one from snowshoe hare and two from lynx, all are part of the Gokushovirinae subfamily. The two from lynx are highly similar to a microvirus previously detected in domestic cat (sharing 88%–90% genome-wide identity), indicating this may be a common felid gut microbiome associated virus. Our findings highlight the broad range of diverse ssDNA viruses present in three mammals inhabiting the San Juan Mountains.
AB - The San Juan Mountains of southern Colorado provide subalpine habitat for a suite of mammalian species including Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis), moose (Alces alces) and snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus). In the winter field season of 2016 five faecal samples from lynx, and one each from moose and snowshoe hare were collected to identify small single-stranded DNA viruses associated with these three prominent species. Thirty-two novel viruses were identified and classified as members of two well established ssDNA families Genomoviridae (n = 22) and Microviridae (n = 10) and one recently proposed new family, Smacoviridae (n = 1). In addition one highly novel circular ssDNA virus was identified which at present does not group with any known family. A high level of genomovirus diversity was identified from faeces collected between and across the three mammal species, with full genome-wide pairwise comparisons showing 57%–97% identity. Twenty genomoviruses can be assigned to the genus Gemycircularvirus and represent 11 species, and two into a distinct species in the genus Gemykolovirus. The single smacovirus identified from moose also represents a distinct smacovirus species. Ten microviruses, seven from moose, one from snowshoe hare and two from lynx, all are part of the Gokushovirinae subfamily. The two from lynx are highly similar to a microvirus previously detected in domestic cat (sharing 88%–90% genome-wide identity), indicating this may be a common felid gut microbiome associated virus. Our findings highlight the broad range of diverse ssDNA viruses present in three mammals inhabiting the San Juan Mountains.
KW - Canada lynx
KW - Genomoviridae
KW - Microviridae
KW - Moose
KW - Single-stranded DNA virus
KW - Smacoviridae
KW - Snowshoe hare
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85048174850&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85048174850&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.06.001
DO - 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.06.001
M3 - Article
C2 - 29879480
AN - SCOPUS:85048174850
SN - 1567-1348
VL - 64
SP - 1
EP - 8
JO - Infection, Genetics and Evolution
JF - Infection, Genetics and Evolution
ER -