Global characteristics of X-ray flashes and X-ray-rich gamma-ray bursts observed by HETE-2

T. Sakamoto; D. Q. Lamb; N. Kawai; A. Yoshida; C. Graziani; E. E. Fenimore; T. Q. Donaghy; M. Matsuoka; M. Suzuki; G. Ricker; J. L. Atteia; Y. Shirasaki; T. Tamagawa; K. Torii; M. Galassi; J. Doty; R. Vanderspek; G. B. Crew; J. Villasenor; N. Butler; G. Prigozhin; J. G. Jernigan; C. Barraud; M. Boer; J. P. Dezalay; J. F. Olive; K. Hurley; A. Levine; G. Monnelly; F. Martel; E. Morgan; S. E. Woosley; T. Cline; J. Braga; R. Manchanda; G. Pizzichini; K. Takagishi; M. Yamauchi

doi:10.1086/431235

Global characteristics of X-ray flashes and X-ray-rich gamma-ray bursts observed by HETE-2

T. Sakamoto, D. Q. Lamb, N. Kawai, A. Yoshida, C. Graziani, E. E. Fenimore, T. Q. Donaghy, M. Matsuoka, M. Suzuki, G. Ricker, J. L. Atteia, Y. Shirasaki, T. Tamagawa, K. Torii, M. Galassi, J. Doty, R. Vanderspek, G. B. Crew, J. Villasenor, N. ButlerG. Prigozhin, J. G. Jernigan, C. Barraud, M. Boer, J. P. Dezalay, J. F. Olive, K. Hurley, A. Levine, G. Monnelly, F. Martel, E. Morgan, S. E. Woosley, T. Cline, J. Braga, R. Manchanda, G. Pizzichini, K. Takagishi, M. Yamauchi

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Abstract

We describe and discuss the global properties of 45 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) observed by HETE-2 during the first 3 years of its mission, focusing on the properties of X-ray flashes (XRFs) and X-ray-rich GRBs (XRRs). We find that the numbers of XRFs, XRRs, and GRBs are comparable, and that the durations and the sky distributions of XRFs and XRRs are similar to those of GRBs. We also find that the spectral properties of XRFs and XRRs are similar to those of GRBs, except that the values of the peak energy E_peak^obs of the burst spectrum in vF_v, the peak energy flux F_peak, and the energy fluence S_E of XRFs are much smaller (and those of XRRs are smaller) than those of GRBs. Finally, we find that the distributions of all three kinds of bursts form a continuum in the [S_E(2-30 keV), S _E(30-400) keV] plane, the [S_E(2-400 keV), E _peak] plane, and the [F_peak(50-300 keV), E _peak] plane. These results provide strong evidence that all three kinds of bursts arise from the same phenomenon.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	311-327
Number of pages	17
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	629
Issue number	1 I
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1086/431235
State	Published - Aug 10 2005
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Gamma rays: bursts

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.1086/431235

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Sakamoto, T., Lamb, D. Q., Kawai, N., Yoshida, A., Graziani, C., Fenimore, E. E., Donaghy, T. Q., Matsuoka, M., Suzuki, M., Ricker, G., Atteia, J. L., Shirasaki, Y., Tamagawa, T., Torii, K., Galassi, M., Doty, J., Vanderspek, R., Crew, G. B., Villasenor, J., ... Yamauchi, M. (2005). Global characteristics of X-ray flashes and X-ray-rich gamma-ray bursts observed by HETE-2. Astrophysical Journal, 629(1 I), 311-327. https://doi.org/10.1086/431235

Sakamoto, T, Lamb, DQ, Kawai, N, Yoshida, A, Graziani, C, Fenimore, EE, Donaghy, TQ, Matsuoka, M, Suzuki, M, Ricker, G, Atteia, JL, Shirasaki, Y, Tamagawa, T, Torii, K, Galassi, M, Doty, J, Vanderspek, R, Crew, GB, Villasenor, J, Butler, N, Prigozhin, G, Jernigan, JG, Barraud, C, Boer, M, Dezalay, JP, Olive, JF, Hurley, K, Levine, A, Monnelly, G, Martel, F, Morgan, E, Woosley, SE, Cline, T, Braga, J, Manchanda, R, Pizzichini, G, Takagishi, K & Yamauchi, M 2005, 'Global characteristics of X-ray flashes and X-ray-rich gamma-ray bursts observed by HETE-2', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 629, no. 1 I, pp. 311-327. https://doi.org/10.1086/431235

@article{e32877d9eda64467bc7229ef394dd59a,

title = "Global characteristics of X-ray flashes and X-ray-rich gamma-ray bursts observed by HETE-2",

abstract = "We describe and discuss the global properties of 45 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) observed by HETE-2 during the first 3 years of its mission, focusing on the properties of X-ray flashes (XRFs) and X-ray-rich GRBs (XRRs). We find that the numbers of XRFs, XRRs, and GRBs are comparable, and that the durations and the sky distributions of XRFs and XRRs are similar to those of GRBs. We also find that the spectral properties of XRFs and XRRs are similar to those of GRBs, except that the values of the peak energy Epeakobs of the burst spectrum in vFv, the peak energy flux Fpeak, and the energy fluence SE of XRFs are much smaller (and those of XRRs are smaller) than those of GRBs. Finally, we find that the distributions of all three kinds of bursts form a continuum in the [SE(2-30 keV), S E(30-400) keV] plane, the [SE(2-400 keV), E peak] plane, and the [Fpeak(50-300 keV), E peak] plane. These results provide strong evidence that all three kinds of bursts arise from the same phenomenon.",

keywords = "Gamma rays: bursts",

author = "T. Sakamoto and Lamb, {D. Q.} and N. Kawai and A. Yoshida and C. Graziani and Fenimore, {E. E.} and Donaghy, {T. Q.} and M. Matsuoka and M. Suzuki and G. Ricker and Atteia, {J. L.} and Y. Shirasaki and T. Tamagawa and K. Torii and M. Galassi and J. Doty and R. Vanderspek and Crew, {G. B.} and J. Villasenor and N. Butler and G. Prigozhin and Jernigan, {J. G.} and C. Barraud and M. Boer and Dezalay, {J. P.} and Olive, {J. F.} and K. Hurley and A. Levine and G. Monnelly and F. Martel and E. Morgan and Woosley, {S. E.} and T. Cline and J. Braga and R. Manchanda and G. Pizzichini and K. Takagishi and M. Yamauchi",

year = "2005",

month = aug,

day = "10",

doi = "10.1086/431235",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "629",

pages = "311--327",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Global characteristics of X-ray flashes and X-ray-rich gamma-ray bursts observed by HETE-2

AU - Sakamoto, T.

AU - Lamb, D. Q.

AU - Kawai, N.

AU - Yoshida, A.

AU - Graziani, C.

AU - Fenimore, E. E.

AU - Donaghy, T. Q.

AU - Matsuoka, M.

AU - Suzuki, M.

AU - Ricker, G.

AU - Atteia, J. L.

AU - Shirasaki, Y.

AU - Tamagawa, T.

AU - Torii, K.

AU - Galassi, M.

AU - Doty, J.

AU - Vanderspek, R.

AU - Crew, G. B.

AU - Villasenor, J.

AU - Butler, N.

AU - Prigozhin, G.

AU - Jernigan, J. G.

AU - Barraud, C.

AU - Boer, M.

AU - Dezalay, J. P.

AU - Olive, J. F.

AU - Hurley, K.

AU - Levine, A.

AU - Monnelly, G.

AU - Martel, F.

AU - Morgan, E.

AU - Woosley, S. E.

AU - Cline, T.

AU - Braga, J.

AU - Manchanda, R.

AU - Pizzichini, G.

AU - Takagishi, K.

AU - Yamauchi, M.

PY - 2005/8/10

Y1 - 2005/8/10

N2 - We describe and discuss the global properties of 45 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) observed by HETE-2 during the first 3 years of its mission, focusing on the properties of X-ray flashes (XRFs) and X-ray-rich GRBs (XRRs). We find that the numbers of XRFs, XRRs, and GRBs are comparable, and that the durations and the sky distributions of XRFs and XRRs are similar to those of GRBs. We also find that the spectral properties of XRFs and XRRs are similar to those of GRBs, except that the values of the peak energy Epeakobs of the burst spectrum in vFv, the peak energy flux Fpeak, and the energy fluence SE of XRFs are much smaller (and those of XRRs are smaller) than those of GRBs. Finally, we find that the distributions of all three kinds of bursts form a continuum in the [SE(2-30 keV), S E(30-400) keV] plane, the [SE(2-400 keV), E peak] plane, and the [Fpeak(50-300 keV), E peak] plane. These results provide strong evidence that all three kinds of bursts arise from the same phenomenon.

AB - We describe and discuss the global properties of 45 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) observed by HETE-2 during the first 3 years of its mission, focusing on the properties of X-ray flashes (XRFs) and X-ray-rich GRBs (XRRs). We find that the numbers of XRFs, XRRs, and GRBs are comparable, and that the durations and the sky distributions of XRFs and XRRs are similar to those of GRBs. We also find that the spectral properties of XRFs and XRRs are similar to those of GRBs, except that the values of the peak energy Epeakobs of the burst spectrum in vFv, the peak energy flux Fpeak, and the energy fluence SE of XRFs are much smaller (and those of XRRs are smaller) than those of GRBs. Finally, we find that the distributions of all three kinds of bursts form a continuum in the [SE(2-30 keV), S E(30-400) keV] plane, the [SE(2-400 keV), E peak] plane, and the [Fpeak(50-300 keV), E peak] plane. These results provide strong evidence that all three kinds of bursts arise from the same phenomenon.

KW - Gamma rays: bursts

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U2 - 10.1086/431235

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M3 - Article

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SN - 0004-637X

VL - 629

SP - 311

EP - 327

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 1 I

ER -

Global characteristics of X-ray flashes and X-ray-rich gamma-ray bursts observed by HETE-2

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