TY - JOUR
T1 - From stereotype threat to stereotype threats
T2 - Implications of a multi-threat framework for causes, moderators, mediators, consequences, and interventions
AU - Shapiro, Jenessa R.
AU - Neuberg, Steven
PY - 2007/5
Y1 - 2007/5
N2 - More than 100 articles have examined the construct of stereotype threat and its implications. However, stereotype threat seems to mean different things to different researchers and has been employed to describe and explain processes and phenomena that appear to be fundamentally distinct. Complementing existing models, the authors posit a Multi-Threat Framework in which six qualitatively distinct stereotype threats arise from the intersection of two dimensions-the target of the threat (the self/one's group) and the source of the threat (the self/outgroup others/ingroup others). The authors propose that these threats constitute the core of the broader stereotype threat construct and provide the foundation for understanding additional, as of yet uncharacterized, stereotype threats. The proposed threats likely differentially peril those with different stigmatizable characteristics, have different eliciting conditions and moderators, are mediated by somewhat different processes, are coped with and compensated for in different ways, and require different interventions to overcome.
AB - More than 100 articles have examined the construct of stereotype threat and its implications. However, stereotype threat seems to mean different things to different researchers and has been employed to describe and explain processes and phenomena that appear to be fundamentally distinct. Complementing existing models, the authors posit a Multi-Threat Framework in which six qualitatively distinct stereotype threats arise from the intersection of two dimensions-the target of the threat (the self/one's group) and the source of the threat (the self/outgroup others/ingroup others). The authors propose that these threats constitute the core of the broader stereotype threat construct and provide the foundation for understanding additional, as of yet uncharacterized, stereotype threats. The proposed threats likely differentially peril those with different stigmatizable characteristics, have different eliciting conditions and moderators, are mediated by somewhat different processes, are coped with and compensated for in different ways, and require different interventions to overcome.
KW - Stereotype threat
KW - Stereotyped attitudes
KW - Stereotyped behaviors
KW - Stigma
KW - Threat
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=38749119068&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=38749119068&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1177/1088868306294790
DO - 10.1177/1088868306294790
M3 - Article
C2 - 18453458
AN - SCOPUS:38749119068
SN - 1088-8683
VL - 11
SP - 107
EP - 130
JO - Personality and Social Psychology Review
JF - Personality and Social Psychology Review
IS - 2
ER -