TY - JOUR
T1 - Food Insecurity is Associated with Maladaptive Eating Behaviors and Objectively Measured Overeating
AU - Stinson, Emma J.
AU - Votruba, Susanne B.
AU - Venti, Colleen
AU - Perez La Mar, Marisol
AU - Krakoff, Jonathan
AU - Gluck, Marci E.
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding agencies: This study was funded by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Disclosure: The authors declared no conflict of interest. Author contributions: ES analyzed and interpreted data and wrote the manuscript. SV, MP, JK, and MG gave significant advice and consultation, assisted with interpretation of the data, and reviewed the manuscript. CV was involved with collection of the data and data entry. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. ES and MG had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00342732. Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article. Received: 24 April 2018; Accepted: 15 June 2018; Published online 14 November 2018. doi:10.1002/oby.22305
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 The Obesity Society
PY - 2018/12
Y1 - 2018/12
N2 - Objective: The association between food insecurity and obesity may be partially explained by overeating in response to unpredictable food availability cycles. The aim of this study was to measure objective food intake in food-insecure individuals. Methods: Eighty-two volunteers (53 m; BMI 29 ± 7; 38 ± 12 years) were admitted to our inpatient Clinical Research Unit and completed the Food Security Short Form, Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire, Gormally Binge Eating Scale, and body composition assessment (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry). After 5 days of a weight-maintaining diet, participants self-selected food from an ad libitum vending machine paradigm for 3 days. Mean daily intake (kilocalories), macronutrient intake, and percentage of weight-maintaining energy needs (%WMEN) were calculated. Results: Based on Food Security Short Form cutoffs, food-insecure participants (n = 46; 56%) had higher body weight (P = 0.04), fat-free mass (P = 0.05), disinhibition (P = 0.008), hunger (P = 0.02), and binge-eating scores (P = 0.02) but not cognitive restraint (P = 0.37) compared with food-secure individuals. They overate more kilocalories (P = 0.001), %WMEN (P = 0.003), fat (P = 0.003), and carbohydrates (P = 0.004) during the vending machine paradigm, continued to increase their hourly rate of kilocalories (group × time; β = 37.7 cumulative kcal/h; P < 0.0001), and ate more total kilocalories across the 72 hours (β = 47.09 kcal/h; P = 0.003). Conclusions: Food insecurity may amplify susceptibility to weight gain via overeating during times of unlimited food access.
AB - Objective: The association between food insecurity and obesity may be partially explained by overeating in response to unpredictable food availability cycles. The aim of this study was to measure objective food intake in food-insecure individuals. Methods: Eighty-two volunteers (53 m; BMI 29 ± 7; 38 ± 12 years) were admitted to our inpatient Clinical Research Unit and completed the Food Security Short Form, Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire, Gormally Binge Eating Scale, and body composition assessment (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry). After 5 days of a weight-maintaining diet, participants self-selected food from an ad libitum vending machine paradigm for 3 days. Mean daily intake (kilocalories), macronutrient intake, and percentage of weight-maintaining energy needs (%WMEN) were calculated. Results: Based on Food Security Short Form cutoffs, food-insecure participants (n = 46; 56%) had higher body weight (P = 0.04), fat-free mass (P = 0.05), disinhibition (P = 0.008), hunger (P = 0.02), and binge-eating scores (P = 0.02) but not cognitive restraint (P = 0.37) compared with food-secure individuals. They overate more kilocalories (P = 0.001), %WMEN (P = 0.003), fat (P = 0.003), and carbohydrates (P = 0.004) during the vending machine paradigm, continued to increase their hourly rate of kilocalories (group × time; β = 37.7 cumulative kcal/h; P < 0.0001), and ate more total kilocalories across the 72 hours (β = 47.09 kcal/h; P = 0.003). Conclusions: Food insecurity may amplify susceptibility to weight gain via overeating during times of unlimited food access.
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U2 - 10.1002/oby.22305
DO - 10.1002/oby.22305
M3 - Article
C2 - 30426695
AN - SCOPUS:85056475394
VL - 26
SP - 1841
EP - 1848
JO - Obesity
JF - Obesity
SN - 1930-7381
IS - 12
ER -
