@article{56a8846590974d7882b7ceaa894cff11,
title = "Field evidence for coal combustion links the 252 Ma Siberian Traps with global carbon disruption",
abstract = "The Permian-Triassic extinction was the most severe in Earth history. The Siberian Traps eruptions are strongly implicated in the global atmospheric changes that likely drove the extinction. A sharp negative carbon isotope excursion coincides within geochronological uncertainty with the oldest dated rocks from the Norilsk section of the Siberian flood basalts. We focused on the voluminous volcaniclastic rocks of the Siberian Traps, relatively unstudied as potential carriers of carbon-bearing gases. Over six field seasons we collected rocks from across the Siberian platform, and we show here the first direct evidence that the earliest eruptions in the southern part of the province burned large volumes of a combination of vegetation and coal. We demonstrate that the volume and composition of organic matter interacting with magmas may explain the global carbon isotope signal and may have significantly driven the extinction.",
author = "Elkins-Tanton, {L. T.} and Grasby, {S. E.} and Black, {B. A.} and Veselovskiy, {R. V.} and Ardakani, {O. H.} and F. Goodarzi",
note = "Funding Information: Figure 1. Map showing early southern volcanicla- stics of the Siberian Traps that display abundant evi dence for coal burning. Black dots mark sam pling areas from the larger Siberian flood basalts and end-Permian extinction research project (funded under U.S. National Sci ence Foundation grant EAR-0807585). Samples analyzed but with no coal found are labeled in gray with blue circles; those with red circles and black labels contain combusted, coked, or thermally altered coal. The majority of southern volcaniclastics analyzed contain coal, but only one from the north ern Kotuy and Norilsk regions; in the intermedi ate Nizhnyaya Tunguska region, three out of eight samples contained coal. Map after Svensen et al. (2009) and Malich et al. (1974); stratigraphic column after Permyakov et al. (2012). On the strati graphic column: P1br1 and P1br2—lower and upper parts of the Burguklins- kaya Formation (Lower Permian), respectively; P2in1—lower part of the Inganbinskaya Forma tion (Middle Permian); T1tt—Tutonchanskaya For mation (Lower Triassic); T1uc1 and T1uc2—lower and upper parts of the the Uchamskaya For mation (Lower Triassic), respectively. Funding Information: We thank reviewers Paul Wignall, Henrik Svensen, and Ying Cui, and our team members. Funding was provided by U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) Continental Dynamics grant EAR-0807585 to Elkins-Tanton, a grant of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (18-35-20058) to Veselovskiy, and NSF Integrated Earth Systems grant EAR-1615147 to Black. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 Geological Society of America.",
year = "2020",
month = oct,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1130/G47365.1",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "48",
pages = "986--991",
journal = "Geology",
issn = "0091-7613",
publisher = "Geological Society of America",
number = "10",
}